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291816 (Harmonized System 1992 for 6-digit)

2023
World Trade $328MRnk 3257 / 4644
2023
Top Exporter | Top Importer $173M | $37.2MChina | India
2023
Product Complexity 0.25Rnk 2118 / 4656
2022 - 2023
Export Growth (CAGR) -11.1%Rnk 2828 / 4644
2023
Share of World Trade 0.0015%Rnk 3257 / 4644

About

Overview This page contains the latest trade data of Gluconic acid, its salts & esters. In 2023, Gluconic acid, its salts & esters were the world's 3257th most traded product, with a total trade of $328M. Between 2022 and 2023 the exports of Gluconic acid, its salts & esters decreased by -11.1%, from $369M to $328M. Trade in Gluconic acid, its salts & esters represent 0.0015% of total world trade.

Gluconic acid, its salts & esters are a part of Carboxylic Acids.

Exports In 2023 the top exporters of Gluconic acid, its salts & esters  were China ($173M), France ($38.5M), India ($37.7M), Netherlands ($13M), and United States ($12.4M).

Imports In 2023 the top importers of Gluconic acid, its salts & esters were India ($37.2M), United States ($20.9M), Portugal ($14.8M), Germany ($14.7M), and Pakistan ($11.4M).

Ranking Gluconic acid, its salts & esters ranks 2118th in the Product Complexity Index (PCI).

Description Gluconic acid is a natural organic compound that is biologically synthesized by anaerobic bacteria in the absence of oxygen. It is used in the food and pharmaceutical industries as a preservative and an anti-microbial agent. It is also an intermediate in the production of gluconic acid derivatives.

Latest Trends

Latest Data

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The following visualization shows the latest trends on Gluconic acid, its salts & esters. Countries are shown based on data availability.

For a full breakdown of trade patterns, visit the trend explorer or the product in country profile.

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* Trade values are converted to USD using each month's exchange rate. For December 2023 data, the exchange rate from December 30, 2023 is used.

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Historical Data

Exporters and Importers

Top Origin (2023)China$173M
Top Destination (2023)India$37.2M

In 2023 Gluconic acid, its salts & esters were the world's 3257th most traded product (out of 4,644).

In 2023, the top exporters of Gluconic acid, its salts & esters were China ($173M), France ($38.5M), India ($37.7M), Netherlands ($13M), and United States ($12.4M).

In 2023, the top importers of Gluconic acid, its salts & esters were India ($37.2M), United States ($20.9M), Portugal ($14.8M), Germany ($14.7M), and Pakistan ($11.4M).

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Exporters of Gluconic acid, its salts & esters (2023)
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Importers of Gluconic acid, its salts & esters (2023)
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Market Dynamics

Color
Top Origin Growth (2022 -  2023)Switzerland$2.7M
Top Destination Growth (2022 -  2023)Portugal$6.77M

Between 2022 and 2023, the exports of Gluconic acid, its salts & esters grew the fastest in Switzerland ($2.7M), Djibouti ($1.73M), Ireland ($958k), Turkey ($550k), and South Korea ($489k).

Between 2022 and 2023, the fastest growing importers of Gluconic acid, its salts & esters were Portugal ($6.77M), Pakistan ($4.68M), Saudi Arabia ($3.11M), Ethiopia ($2.36M), and Italy ($1.68M).

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Exporters of Gluconic acid, its salts & esters (2022 - 2023)

Importers of Gluconic acid, its salts & esters (2022 - 2023)

Market Concentration

Value

This chart shows the evolution of the market concentration of exports of Gluconic acid, its salts & esters.

In 2023, market concentration measured using Shannon Entropy, was 2.65. This means that most of the exports of Gluconic acid, its salts & esters are explained by 6 countries.

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Value of Exports in Gluconic acid, its salts & esters

Net Trade

TOP NET EXPORTER (2023)China$171M
TOP NET IMPORTER (2023)Portugal$14.7M

This map shows which countries export or import more of Gluconic acid, its salts & esters. Each country is colored based on the difference in exports and imports of Gluconic acid, its salts & esters during 2023.

In 2023, the countries that had a largest trade value in exports than in imports of Gluconic acid, its salts & esters were China ($171M), France ($30.4M), Cyprus ($6.07M), Italy ($6M), and Netherlands ($3.55M).

In 2023, the countries that had a largest trade value in imports than in exports of Gluconic acid, its salts & esters were Portugal ($14.7M), Pakistan ($11.4M), Vietnam ($10.8M), Saudi Arabia ($10.4M), and Mexico ($9.93M).

Net Trade (2023)

Country Comparison

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This visualization shows the countries that have an important ratio of their trade related to Gluconic acid, its salts & esters.
It is possible to select the main countries that export or import Gluconic acid, its salts & esters in the world, or by continent, as well as select the measure of interest.

Top 10 Exporters Countries of Gluconic acid, its salts & esters by percentage of total exports

Product Complexity

Diversification Frontier

Specialization

The Complexity-Relatedness diagram compares the risk and the strategic value of a product's potential export opportunities. Relatedness is predictive of the probability that a country increases its exports in a product. Complexity, is associated with higher levels of income, economic growth potential, lower income inequality, and lower emissions.

Relatedness vs Country Complexity (2023)

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