India2019 Economic Complexity : 0.59, Rank 44 of 146
2019 Product Exports | Imports: $330B | $474B, 15 of 225 | 11 of 225
2019 Per Capita Product Exports | Imports: $241 | $347, 180 of 219 | 189 of 219
2018 Service Exports | Imports : $119B | $120B, 6 of 88 | 7 of 88
Overview: In 2019 India was the number 5 economy in the world in terms of GDP (current US$), the number 15 in total exports, the number 11 in total imports, the number 142 economy in terms of GDP per capita (current US$) and the number 44 most complex economy according to the Economic Complexity Index (ECI).
Exports: The top exports of India are Refined Petroleum ($39.2B), Diamonds ($22.5B), Packaged Medicaments ($15.8B), Jewellery ($14.1B), and Cars ($7.15B), exporting mostly to United States ($55.3B), United Arab Emirates ($28.6B), China ($17.4B), Hong Kong ($11.5B), and Singapore ($9.53B).
In 2019, India was the world's biggest exporter of Diamonds ($22.5B), Jewellery ($14.1B), Rice ($6.9B), Crustaceans ($4.67B), and Non-Retail Pure Cotton Yarn ($2.86B)
Imports: The top imports of India are Crude Petroleum ($92.7B), Gold ($33.8B), Coal Briquettes ($24.9B), Diamonds ($21.4B), and Petroleum Gas ($16.4B), importing mostly from China ($72.6B), United States ($33.7B), United Arab Emirates ($26.8B), Saudi Arabia ($25.1B), and Iraq ($19.8B).
In 2019, India was the world's biggest importer of Coal Briquettes ($24.9B), Diamonds ($21.4B), Palm Oil ($4.85B), Nitrogenous Fertilizers ($2.71B), and Soybean Oil ($2.39B)
Location: India borders Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Myanmar, China, Nepal, and Pakistan by land and Indonesia, Maldives, Sri Lanka, and Thailand by sea.
Overview: In April 2021 India exported $30.7B and imported $45.7B, resulting in a negative trade balance of $15B. Between April 2020 and April 2021 the exports of India have increased by $20.4B (198%) from $10.3B to $30.7B, while imports increased by $28.6B (167%) from $17.1B to $45.7B.
Trade: In April 2021, the top exports of India were Petroleum Products ($3.62B), Pearl, Precs, Semiprecs Stones ($2.38B), Drug Formulations, Biologicals ($1.47B), Iron And Steel ($1.42B), and Gold And Oth Precs Metl Jwlery ($970M). In April 2021 the top imports of India were Petroleum: Crude ($8.2B), Gold ($6.24B), Petroleum Products ($2.67B), Pearl, Precs, Semiprecs Stones ($2.47B), and Coal,Coke And Briquittes Etc ($1.99B).
Destinations: In April 2021, India exported mostly to United States ($5.42B), China ($2.3B), United Arab Emirates ($1.79B), Hong Kong ($1.17B), and Bangladesh ($1.13B), and imported mostly from China ($6.51B), United Arab Emirates ($3.57B), Switzerland ($3.52B), United States ($3.18B), and Iraq ($2.48B).
Growth: In April 2021, the increase in India's year-by-year exports was explained primarily by an increase in exports to United States ($3.94B or 267%), United Arab Emirates ($1.18B or 193%), and China ($1.16B or 102%), and product exports increase in Pearl, Precs, Semiprecs Stones ($2.35B or 6.76k%), Petroleum Products ($2.29B or 171%), and Gold And Oth Precs Metl Jwlery ($969M or 124k%). In April 2021, the increase in India's year-by-year imports was explained primarily by an increase in imports from China ($3.48B or 115%), Switzerland ($3.4B or 2.64k%), and United Arab Emirates ($2.71B or 315%), and product imports increase in Gold ($6.24B or 220k%), Petroleum: Crude ($4.81B or 142%), and Pearl, Precs, Semiprecs Stones ($2.47B or 120k%).
EXPORT GROWTH (April 2020 - April 2021): $20.4B, (198%)
IMPORT GROWTH (April 2020 - April 2021): $28.6B, (167%)
MAIN DESTINATION (April 2021): United States, $5.42B
This section shows exports and imports data at subnational level for India. Click any date in the line plot, or any product, destination or origin country to explore the exports or imports behavior of India over time.
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Top Export (2019): Refined Petroleum, $39.2B
Top Destination (2019): United States, $55.3B
In 2019, India exported a total of $330B, making it the number 15 exporter in the world. During the last five reported years the exports of India have changed by $9.73B from $320B in 2014 to $330B in 2019.
The most recent exports are led by Refined Petroleum ($39.2B), Diamonds ($22.5B), Packaged Medicaments ($15.8B), Jewellery ($14.1B), and Cars ($7.15B). The most common destination for the exports of India are United States ($55.3B), United Arab Emirates ($28.6B), China ($17.4B), Hong Kong ($11.5B), and Singapore ($9.53B).
Top Import (2019): Crude Petroleum, $92.7B
Top Origin (2019): China, $72.6B
In 2019 India imported $474B, making it the number 11 trade destination in the world. During the last five reported years the imports of India changed by $35.3B from $439B in 2014 to $474B in 2019.
The most recent imports of India are led by Crude Petroleum ($92.7B), Gold ($33.8B), Coal Briquettes ($24.9B), Diamonds ($21.4B), and Petroleum Gas ($16.4B). The most common import partners for India are China ($72.6B), United States ($33.7B), United Arab Emirates ($26.8B), Saudi Arabia ($25.1B), and Iraq ($19.8B).
Fastest Growing Export Markets (2018 - 2019)
Fastest Growing Import Markets (2018 - 2019)
India Exports Services (2018): $119B
India Imports Services (2018): $120B
In 2018, India exported $119B worth of services. The top services exported by India in 2018 were Miscellaneous business, professional, and technical services ($34.9B), Personal travel ($26B), Other government services ($19B), Sea transport ($12.7B), and Air transport ($5.76B).
The top services imported by India in 2018 were Miscellaneous business, professional, and technical services ($38.4B), Other government services ($16.3B), Personal travel ($15.2B), Sea transport ($10.1B), and Air transport ($9.5B).
The top product import tariffs by their MFN Ad Valorem value for India are Alcoholic liqueurs nes (150%) and Fermented beverages nes (eg cider, perry, mead, etc) (150%).
Click any of the products in the bar chart to see the specific Ad Valorem Duty Rates by partner country.
*The tariffs applied to imports for India are:
India has a high level of specialization in Spice Seeds (27.6), Other Organic Compounds (25.7), Processed Hair (25.3), Granite (24.2), and Coconut and Other Vegetable Fibers (21). Specialization is measured using RCA, an index that takes the ratio between India observed and expected exports in each product.
The highest complexity exports of India according to the product complexity index (PCI) are Esters of inorganic acids nes, salts, derivatives (1.83), Bar or rod of stainless steel, hot rolled, coiled (1.78), Hand-operated spanners, wrenches and sockets (1.7), Ion exchangers based on polymers in primary forms (1.62), and Shafts, cranks, gears, clutches, flywheel, pulleys etc (1.6). PCI measures the knowledge intensity of a product by considering the knowledge intensity of its exporters.
The top export opportunities for India according to the relatedness index, are Chromium Ore (0.41), Fake Hair (0.39), Niobium, Tantalum, Vanadium and Zirconium Ore (0.39), Animal Hair (0.39), and Non-Knit Gloves (0.39). Relatedness measures the distance between a country's current exports and each product. The barchart show only products that India is not specialized in.
The product space is a network connecting products that are likely to be co-exported. The product space can be used to predict future exports, since countries are more likely to start exporting products that are related to current exports. Relatedness measures the distance between a product, and all of the products it is currently specialized in.
The Complexity-Relatedness diagram compares the risk and the strategic value of a country's potential export oppotunities. Relatedness is a predictive of the probability that a country increases its exports in a product. Complexity, is associated with higher levels of income, economic growth, less income inequality, and lower emissions.
During the last 20 years India's economy has become relatively más complex, moving from the 51st to the 44th position in the ECI rank.
These economic complexity rankings use 6 digit exports classified according to the HS96 classification. We consider only countries with population of at least 1 million and exports of at least $1 billion, and products with world trade over $500 million. To explore different rankings and vary these parameters visit the custom rankings section.
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