Ethiopia2020 Economic Complexity : -0.88, Rank 97 of 127
2020 Product Exports | Imports: $3.5B | $11.1B, 127 of 226 | 92 of 226
2020 Per Capita Product Exports | Imports: $30.5 | $96.2, 213 of 219 | 214 of 219
2018 Service Exports | Imports : $4.92B | $6.2B, 77 of 138 | 72 of 138
Overview In 2020, Ethiopia was the number 59 economy in the world in terms of GDP (current US$), the number 127 in total exports, the number 92 in total imports, the number 182 economy in terms of GDP per capita (current US$) and the number 97 most complex economy according to the Economic Complexity Index (ECI).
Exports The top exports of Ethiopia are Coffee ($860M), Other Oily Seeds ($384M), Gas Turbines ($328M), Other Vegetables ($261M), and Gold ($194M), exporting mostly to United States ($409M), Somalia ($294M), Hong Kong ($253M), United Arab Emirates ($247M), and Saudi Arabia ($203M).
Imports The top imports of Ethiopia are Refined Petroleum ($1.24B), Gas Turbines ($532M), Planes, Helicopters, and/or Spacecraft ($406M), Wheat ($320M), and Packaged Medicaments ($317M), importing mostly from China ($2.75B), India ($903M), United Arab Emirates ($798M), United States ($554M), and Kuwait ($530M).
Location Ethiopia borders Djibouti, Eritrea, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, and Sudan by land.
The following section uses the most recent trade data from partners of Ethiopia.
Disclaimer: data is presented based on availability and only countries that use the harmonized system are being shown.
*All data is converted to USD using January 2020 exchange rates when data is reported in local currency.
The data obtained is mirror data. The trade of countries that do not report current data can be reconstructed based on data reported by partner countries with current data available.
*All data is converted to USD using January 2020 exchange rates when data is reported in local currency.
Top Export (2020): Coffee, $860M
Top Destination (2020): United States, $2.75B
In 2020, Ethiopia exported a total of $3.5B, making it the number 127 exporter in the world. During the last five reported years the exports of Ethiopia have changed by $484M from $3.02B in 2015 to $3.5B in 2020.
The most recent exports are led by Coffee ($860M), Other Oily Seeds ($384M), Gas Turbines ($328M), Other Vegetables ($261M), and Gold ($194M). The most common destination for the exports of Ethiopia are United States ($409M), Somalia ($294M), Hong Kong ($253M), United Arab Emirates ($247M), and Saudi Arabia ($203M).
Fastest Growing Export Markets (2019 - 2020)
Fastest Growing Import Markets (2019 - 2020)
Ethiopia Exports Services (2018): $4.92B
Ethiopia Imports Services (2018): $6.2B
In 2018, Ethiopia exported $4.92B worth of services. The top services exported by Ethiopia in 2018 were Transportation ($3.26B), Personal travel ($591M), Government services, n.i.e. ($410M), Business travel ($377M), and Other business services ($128M).
The top services imported by Ethiopia in 2018 were Transportation ($4.08B), Construction services ($479M), Other business services ($466M), Business travel ($336M), and Personal travel ($276M).
Ethiopia has a high level of specialization in Other Oily Seeds (323), Cassava (135), Tanned Sheep Hides (134), Coffee (134), and Cut Flowers (108). Specialization is measured using RCA, an index that takes the ratio between Ethiopia observed and expected exports in each product.
The highest complexity exports of Ethiopia according to the product complexity index (PCI) are Drilling Machines (1), Laboratory Glassware (0.99), Aircraft Parts (0.8), Gas Turbines (0.72), and Electrical Ignitions (0.44). PCI measures the knowledge intensity of a product by considering the knowledge intensity of its exporters.
The top export opportunities for Ethiopia according to the relatedness index, are Crustaceans (0.17), Cocoa Beans (0.17), Non-Knit Women's Undergarments (0.17), Melons (0.17), and Raw Tobacco (0.17). Relatedness measures the distance between a country's current exports and each product. The barchart show only products that Ethiopia is not specialized in.
The product space is a network connecting products that are likely to be co-exported. The product space can be used to predict future exports, since countries are more likely to start exporting products that are related to current exports. Relatedness measures the distance between a product, and all of the products a country currently specializes in.
The Complexity-Relatedness diagram compares the risk vs strategic value of a country's potential export oppotunities. Relatedness is predictive of the probability that a country increases its exports in a product. Complexity, is associated with higher levels of income, economic growth, less income inequality, and lower greenhouse emissions.
During the last 20 years Ethiopia's economy has become relatively less complex, moving from the nullth to the 97th position in the ECI rank.
These economic complexity rankings use 6 digit exports classified according to the HS96 classification. We consider only countries with population of at least 1 million and exports of at least $1 billion, and products with world trade over $500 million. To explore different rankings and vary these parameters visit the custom rankings section.
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