France2019 Economic Complexity : 1.4, Rank 16 of 146
2019 Product Exports | Imports: $558B | $643B, 5 of 225 | 6 of 225
2019 Per Capita Product Exports | Imports: $8.33k | $9.59k, 48 of 219 | 36 of 219
2017 Service Exports | Imports : $241B | $214B, 4 of 139 | 5 of 139
Overview: In 2019 France was the number 7 economy in the world in terms of GDP (current US$), the number 5 in total exports, the number 6 in total imports, the number 26 economy in terms of GDP per capita (current US$) and the number 16 most complex economy according to the Economic Complexity Index (ECI).
Exports: The top exports of France are Planes, Helicopters, and/or Spacecraft ($46.3B), Packaged Medicaments ($26.3B), Cars ($24.5B), Gas Turbines ($19.1B), and Vehicle Parts ($14.9B), exporting mostly to Germany ($76.2B), United States ($47.4B), Italy ($41.2B), Spain ($40.8B), and Belgium ($39B).
In 2019, France was the world's biggest exporter of Planes, Helicopters, and/or Spacecraft ($46.3B), Wine ($11.1B), Beauty Products ($10.1B), Perfumes ($5.77B), and Bovine ($1.57B)
Imports: The top imports of France are Cars ($39.5B), Crude Petroleum ($21.6B), Refined Petroleum ($19.9B), Packaged Medicaments ($16.2B), and Aircraft Parts ($15.7B), importing mostly from Germany ($115B), Belgium ($55.6B), Italy ($54.9B), Spain ($47.4B), and China ($45.2B).
In 2019, France was the world's biggest importer of Butter ($989M), Glands and Other Organs ($986M), Nuclear Reactors ($423M), Other Metal Fasteners ($371M), and Agglomerated Cork ($179M)
Location: France borders by land and United Kingdom by sea.
Overview: In Fourth Quarter 2020 France exported €116B and imported €133B, resulting in a negative trade balance of €16.7B. Between Fourth Quarter 2019 and Fourth Quarter 2020 the exports of France have decreased by €-10.1B (-8%) from €127B to €116B, while imports decreased by €-10.4B (-7.21%) from €144B to €133B.
Trade: In Fourth Quarter 2020, the top exports of France were Chemical products (€14B), Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers (€13.4B), Other transport equipment (€12B), n.e.c. machinery and equipment (€9.47B), and pharmaceutical basic and pharmaceutical preparations Products (€9.01B). In Fourth Quarter 2020 the top imports of France were Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers (€17.6B), Computer, electronic and optical (€13.7B), n.e.c. machinery and equipment (€11.2B), Chemical products (€10.6B), and Food products (€9.21B).
Origins: In Fourth Quarter 2020 the exports of France were mainly from Haute-Garonne (€7.98B), Hauts-de-Seine (€6.02B), Bas-Rhin (€5.55B), Nord (€5.53B), and Seine-Maritime (€4.94B), while imports destinations were mainly Nord (€8.01B), Paris (€6.18B), Seine-Maritime (€5.82B), Bouches-du-Rhône (€5.68B), and Val-d'Oise (€5.23B).
Destinations: In Fourth Quarter 2020, France exported mostly to Germany (€16.7B), Italy (€8.99B), Spain (€8.51B), Belgium (€8.34B), and United Kingdom (€7.89B), and imported mostly from Germany (€19.6B), China (€15.2B), Italy (€10.9B), Spain (€9.94B), and Belgium (€8.41B).
Growth: In Fourth Quarter 2020, the decrease in France's year-by-year exports was explained primarily by an decrease in exports to United States (€-2.14B or -21.6%), Switzerland (€-1.21B or -24.9%), and Germany (€-647M or -3.73%), and product exports decrease in Other transport equipment (€-7.86B or -39.6%), Computer, electronic and optical (€-1.15B or -13.5%), and Products of coke and refined petroleum (€-519M or -29.3%). In Fourth Quarter 2020, the decrease in France's year-by-year imports was explained primarily by an decrease in imports from United States (€-2.92B or -28.8%), Germany (€-1.42B or -6.78%), and Belgium (€-825M or -8.93%), and product imports decrease in Other transport equipment (€-3.64B or -39.1%), hydrocarbons (€-3.24B or -45%), and Products of coke and refined petroleum (€-2.53B or -42.2%).
EXPORT GROWTH (Fourth Quarter 2019 - Fourth Quarter 2020): €-10.1B, (-8%)
IMPORT GROWTH (Fourth Quarter 2019 - Fourth Quarter 2020): €-10.4B, (-7.21%)
MAIN EXPORTER (Fourth Quarter 2020): Haute-Garonne, €7.98B
MAIN DESTINATION (Fourth Quarter 2020): Germany, €16.7B
This section shows exports and imports data at subnational level for France. Click any date in the line plot, any subnational region in the geomap, or any product, destination or origin country to explore the exports or imports behavior of France over time.
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Top Export (2019): Planes, Helicopters, and/or Spacecraft, $46.3B
Top Destination (2019): Germany, $76.2B
In 2019, France exported a total of $558B, making it the number 5 exporter in the world. During the last five reported years the exports of France have changed by -$22.5B from $581B in 2014 to $558B in 2019.
The most recent exports are led by Planes, Helicopters, and/or Spacecraft ($46.3B), Packaged Medicaments ($26.3B), Cars ($24.5B), Gas Turbines ($19.1B), and Vehicle Parts ($14.9B). The most common destination for the exports of France are Germany ($76.2B), United States ($47.4B), Italy ($41.2B), Spain ($40.8B), and Belgium ($39B).
In 2019 France imported $643B, making it the number 6 trade destination in the world. During the last five reported years the imports of France changed by -$26B from $669B in 2014 to $643B in 2019.
The most recent imports of France are led by Cars ($39.5B), Crude Petroleum ($21.6B), Refined Petroleum ($19.9B), Packaged Medicaments ($16.2B), and Aircraft Parts ($15.7B). The most common import partners for France are Germany ($115B), Belgium ($55.6B), Italy ($54.9B), Spain ($47.4B), and China ($45.2B).
Fastest Growing Export Markets (2018 - 2019)
Fastest Growing Import Markets (2018 - 2019)
France Exports Services (2017): $241B
France Imports Services (2017): $214B
In 2017, France exported $241B worth of services. The top services exported by France in 2017 were Miscellaneous business, professional, and technical services ($73B), Travel ($60.7B), Transportation ($45.1B), Computer and information services ($18.4B), and Royalties and license fees ($16.5B).
The top services imported by France in 2017 were Miscellaneous business, professional, and technical services ($69.1B), Transportation ($47.3B), Travel ($41.4B), Computer and information services ($18.6B), and Royalties and license fees ($14.9B).
The top product import tariffs by their MFN Ad Valorem value for France are Sugar beet (178%) and Whey (173%).
Click any of the products in the bar chart to see the specific Ad Valorem Duty Rates by partner country.
*The tariffs applied to imports for France are:
France has a high level of specialization in Flax Fibers (18.3), Wood Barrels (16.1), Wine (10.1), Perfumes (9.79), and Planes, Helicopters, and/or Spacecraft (9.56). Specialization is measured using RCA, an index that takes the ratio between France observed and expected exports in each product.
The highest complexity exports of France according to the product complexity index (PCI) are Chemical element/compound wafers doped for electronics (2.18), Equipment using X-rays, alpha, beta, gamma rays (1.84), Esters of inorganic acids nes, salts, derivatives (1.83), Screws, bolts, nuts, rivets, washers, etc, iron, steel (1.81), and Bar or rod of stainless steel, hot rolled, coiled (1.78). PCI measures the knowledge intensity of a product by considering the knowledge intensity of its exporters.
The top export opportunities for France according to the relatedness index, are Chemical Analysis Instruments (0.47), Sheet Music (0.46), Photographic Paper (0.45), Revenue Stamps (0.45), and Medical Instruments (0.45). Relatedness measures the distance between a country's current exports and each product. The barchart show only products that France is not specialized in.
The product space is a network connecting products that are likely to be co-exported. The product space can be used to predict future exports, since countries are more likely to start exporting products that are related to current exports. Relatedness measures the distance between a product, and all of the products it is currently specialized in.
The Complexity-Relatedness diagram compares the risk and the strategic value of a country's potential export oppotunities. Relatedness is a predictive of the probability that a country increases its exports in a product. Complexity, is associated with higher levels of income, economic growth, less income inequality, and lower emissions.
During the last 20 years France's economy has become relatively less complex, moving from the 8th to the 16th position in the ECI rank.
These economic complexity rankings use 6 digit exports classified according to the HS96 classification. We consider only countries with population of at least 1 million and exports of at least $1 billion, and products with world trade over $500 million. To explore different rankings and vary these parameters visit the custom rankings section.
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