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401700 (Harmonized System 1992 for 6-digit)

2023
World Trade $255MRnk 3479 / 4644
2023
Top Exporter | Top Importer $62M | $27.2MChina | United States
2023
Product Complexity 0.12Rnk 2349 / 4656
2022 - 2023
Export Growth (CAGR) -2.56%Rnk 1811 / 4644
2023
Share of World Trade 0.0011%Rnk 3479 / 4644

About

Overview This page contains the latest trade data of Hard rubber (eg ebonite) in all forms, articles,scrap. In 2023, Hard rubber (eg ebonite) in all forms, articles,scrap were the world's 3479th most traded product, with a total trade of $255M. Between 2022 and 2023 the exports of Hard rubber (eg ebonite) in all forms, articles,scrap decreased by -2.56%, from $262M to $255M. Trade in Hard rubber (eg ebonite) in all forms, articles,scrap represent 0.0011% of total world trade.

Hard rubber (eg ebonite) in all forms, articles,scrap are a part of Hard Rubber.

Exports In 2023 the top exporters of Hard rubber (eg ebonite) in all forms, articles,scrap  were China ($62M), Chinese Taipei ($17.9M), Italy ($17.8M), Germany ($17.6M), and Thailand ($16.3M).

Imports In 2023 the top importers of Hard rubber (eg ebonite) in all forms, articles,scrap were United States ($27.2M), Japan ($23.5M), Saudi Arabia ($16.3M), Czechia ($11M), and Germany ($10.8M).

Ranking Hard rubber (eg ebonite) in all forms, articles,scrap ranks 2349th in the Product Complexity Index (PCI).

Description Hard rubber is the term given to natural rubber that has been hardened through the addition of various chemicals. These include sulfur, lead, or vulcanizing agents. The process was invented by Charles Goodyear in 1839. The best-known product made from hard rubber is the eraser, which is made from a mixture of rubber and the gum arabic.

Latest Trends

Latest Data

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The following visualization shows the latest trends on Hard rubber (eg ebonite) in all forms, articles,scrap. Countries are shown based on data availability.

For a full breakdown of trade patterns, visit the trend explorer or the product in country profile.

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* Trade values are converted to USD using each month's exchange rate. For December 2023 data, the exchange rate from December 30, 2023 is used.

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Historical Data

Exporters and Importers

Top Origin (2023)China$62M
Top Destination (2023)United States$27.2M

In 2023 Hard rubber (eg ebonite) in all forms, articles,scrap were the world's 3479th most traded product (out of 4,644).

In 2023, the top exporters of Hard rubber (eg ebonite) in all forms, articles,scrap were China ($62M), Chinese Taipei ($17.9M), Italy ($17.8M), Germany ($17.6M), and Thailand ($16.3M).

In 2023, the top importers of Hard rubber (eg ebonite) in all forms, articles,scrap were United States ($27.2M), Japan ($23.5M), Saudi Arabia ($16.3M), Czechia ($11M), and Germany ($10.8M).

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Exporters of Hard rubber (eg ebonite) in all forms, articles,scrap (2023)
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Importers of Hard rubber (eg ebonite) in all forms, articles,scrap (2023)
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Market Dynamics

Color
Top Origin Growth (2022 -  2023)Italy$2.93M
Top Destination Growth (2022 -  2023)Australia$3.76M

Between 2022 and 2023, the exports of Hard rubber (eg ebonite) in all forms, articles,scrap grew the fastest in Italy ($2.93M), Canada ($2.73M), Saudi Arabia ($1.76M), United States ($1.25M), and Ireland ($789k).

Between 2022 and 2023, the fastest growing importers of Hard rubber (eg ebonite) in all forms, articles,scrap were Australia ($3.76M), Kuwait ($2.05M), Malaysia ($1.58M), France ($1.48M), and Germany ($1.14M).

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Exporters of Hard rubber (eg ebonite) in all forms, articles,scrap (2022 - 2023)

Importers of Hard rubber (eg ebonite) in all forms, articles,scrap (2022 - 2023)

Market Concentration

Value

This chart shows the evolution of the market concentration of exports of Hard rubber (eg ebonite) in all forms, articles,scrap.

In 2023, market concentration measured using Shannon Entropy, was 4.4. This means that most of the exports of Hard rubber (eg ebonite) in all forms, articles,scrap are explained by 21 countries.

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Value of Exports in Hard rubber (eg ebonite) in all forms, articles,scrap

Net Trade

TOP NET EXPORTER (2023)China$52.8M
TOP NET IMPORTER (2023)United States$15.3M

This map shows which countries export or import more of Hard rubber (eg ebonite) in all forms, articles,scrap. Each country is colored based on the difference in exports and imports of Hard rubber (eg ebonite) in all forms, articles,scrap during 2023.

In 2023, the countries that had a largest trade value in exports than in imports of Hard rubber (eg ebonite) in all forms, articles,scrap were China ($52.8M), Italy ($15.6M), Chinese Taipei ($14M), Thailand ($12.4M), and Canada ($10.8M).

In 2023, the countries that had a largest trade value in imports than in exports of Hard rubber (eg ebonite) in all forms, articles,scrap were United States ($15.3M), Japan ($13.3M), Saudi Arabia ($13M), Czechia ($8.92M), and Netherlands ($6.88M).

Net Trade (2023)

Country Comparison

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Ranking

This visualization shows the countries that have an important ratio of their trade related to Hard rubber (eg ebonite) in all forms, articles,scrap.
It is possible to select the main countries that export or import Hard rubber (eg ebonite) in all forms, articles,scrap in the world, or by continent, as well as select the measure of interest.

Top 10 Exporters Countries of Hard rubber (eg ebonite) in all forms, articles,scrap by percentage of total exports

Product Complexity

Diversification Frontier

Specialization

The Complexity-Relatedness diagram compares the risk and the strategic value of a product's potential export opportunities. Relatedness is predictive of the probability that a country increases its exports in a product. Complexity, is associated with higher levels of income, economic growth potential, lower income inequality, and lower emissions.

Relatedness vs Country Complexity (2023)

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