Rwanda2019 Economic Complexity: -0.7, Rank 115 of 157
2019 Product Exports | Imports: $1.35B | $2.81B, 147 of 225 | 153 of 225
2019 Per Capita Product Exports | Imports: $107 | $222, 193 of 219 | 198 of 219
2015 Service Exports | Imports : $493M | $855M, 134 of 170 | 130 of 170
Overview: In 2019 Rwanda was the number 141 economy in the world in terms of GDP (current US$), the number 147 in total exports, the number 153 in total imports, the number 169 economy in terms of GDP per capita (current US$) and the number 115 most complex economy according to the Economic Complexity Index (ECI)
Exports: The top exports of Rwanda are Gold ($444M), Refined Petroleum ($137M), Coffee ($75.5M), Tea ($72.5M), and Tin Ores ($71.2M), exporting mostly to United Arab Emirates ($470M), Democratic Republic of the Congo ($371M), Uganda ($61.2M), United States ($45.2M), and Thailand ($37.1M).
Imports: The top imports of Rwanda are Refined Petroleum ($411M), Gold ($242M), Raw Sugar ($73M), Packaged Medicaments ($67.5M), and Broadcasting Equipment ($47.1M), importing mostly from China ($481M), Kenya ($272M), Tanzania ($247M), United Arab Emirates ($239M), and India ($206M).
Location: Rwanda borders Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, and Uganda by land.
Top Export (2019): Gold, $444M
Top Destination (2019): United Arab Emirates, $470M
In 2019, Rwanda exported a total of $1.35B, making it the number 147 exporter in the world. During the last five reported years the exports of Rwanda have changed by $618M from $731M in 2014 to $1.35B in 2019.
The most recent exports are led by Gold ($444M), Refined Petroleum ($137M), Coffee ($75.5M), Tea ($72.5M), and Tin Ores ($71.2M). The most common destination for the exports of Rwanda are United Arab Emirates ($470M), Democratic Republic of the Congo ($371M), Uganda ($61.2M), United States ($45.2M), and Thailand ($37.1M).
Top Import (2019): Refined Petroleum, $411M
Top Origin (2019): China, $481M
In 2019 Rwanda imported $2.81B, making it the number 153 trade destination in the world. During the last five reported years the imports of Rwanda changed by $791M from $2.02B in 2014 to $2.81B in 2019.
The most recent imports of Rwanda are led by Refined Petroleum ($411M), Gold ($242M), Raw Sugar ($73M), Packaged Medicaments ($67.5M), and Broadcasting Equipment ($47.1M). The most common import partners for Rwanda are China ($481M), Kenya ($272M), Tanzania ($247M), United Arab Emirates ($239M), and India ($206M).
Fastest Growing Export Markets (2018 - 2019)
Rwanda Exports Services (2015): $493M
Rwanda Imports Services (2015): $855M
In 2015, Rwanda exported $493M worth of services. The top services exported by Rwanda in 2015 were Government services, n.i.e. ($251M), Business travel ($98.4M), Air transport ($87.6M), Communications services ($21.8M), and Construction abroad ($10.5M).
The top services imported by Rwanda in 2015 were Other transport ($199M), Miscellaneous business, professional, and technical services ($160M), Government services, n.i.e. ($145M), Air transport ($143M), and Sea transport ($133M).
The top product import tariffs by their MFN Ad Valorem value for Rwanda are Refined sugar, in solid form, flavoured or coloured (100%) and Sugars: cane sugar, raw, in solid form, as specified in Subheading Note 2 to this chapter, not containing added flavouring or colouring matter (100%).
Click any of the products in the bar chart to see the specific Ad Valorem Duty Rates by partner country.
*The tariffs applied to imports for Rwanda are:
During the last 20 years Rwanda's economy has become relatively less complex, moving from the 100th to the 115th position in the ECI rank.
These economic complexity rankings use 6 digit exports classified according to the HS96 classification. We consider only countries with population of at least 1 million and exports of at least $1 billion, and products with world trade over $500 million. To explore different rankings and vary these parameters visit the custom rankings section.
Rwanda has a high level of specialization in Tin Ores (1.55k), Niobium, Tantalum, Vanadium and Zirconium Ore (489), Yeast (169), Bran (169), and Tea (131). Specialization is measured using RCA, an index that takes the ratio between Rwanda observed and expected exports in each product.
The highest complexity exports of Rwanda according to the product complexity index (PCI) are Drawn or blown glass, in sheets (0.86), Hydroxides and peroxides of sodium and potassium (0.46), Paints and varnishes nes, water pigments for leather (0.41), Public-transport type passenger motor vehicles (0.38), and Uncoated paper for writing, printing, office machines (0.34). PCI measures the knowledge intensity of a product by considering the knowledge intensity of its exporters.
The top export opportunities for Rwanda according to the relatedness index, are Other Oily Seeds (0.15), Tropical Fruits (0.15), Crude Petroleum (0.15), Manganese Ore (0.15), and Perfume Plants (0.14). Relatedness measures the distance between a country's current exports and each product. The barchart show only products that Rwanda is not specialized in.
The product space is a network connecting products that are likely to be co-exported. The product space can be used to predict future exports, since countries are more likely to start exporting products that are related to current exports. Relatedness measures the distance between a product, and all of the products it is currently specialized in.
The Complexity-Relatedness diagram compares the risk and the strategic value of a country's potential export oppotunities. Relatedness is a predictive of the probability that a country increases its exports in a product. Complexity, is associated with higher levels of income, economic growth, less income inequality, and lower emissions.
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