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Overview In 2022, Poland was the number 21 economy in the world in terms of GDP (current US$), the number 24 in total exports, the number 18 in total imports, the number 57 economy in terms of GDP per capita (current US$) and the number 28 most complex economy according to the Economic Complexity Index (ECI) .

Exports The top exports of Poland are Motor vehicles; parts and accessories (8701 to 8705) ($15.3B), Electric Batteries ($9.55B), Computers ($6.73B), Seats ($6.67B), and Other Furniture ($6.66B), exporting mostly to Germany ($93.1B), Czechia ($22.4B), France ($19.8B), United Kingdom ($17.2B), and Netherlands ($16.3B).

In 2022, Poland was the world's biggest exporter of Wood Crates ($1.24B), Razor Blades ($891M), Frozen Fruits and Nuts ($719M), Newspapers ($409M), and Insulating Glass ($374M)

Imports The top imports of Poland are Crude Petroleum ($16.5B), Cars ($13.5B), Motor vehicles; parts and accessories (8701 to 8705) ($10.2B), Refined Petroleum ($8.86B), and Broadcasting Equipment ($6.85B), importing mostly from Germany ($88.9B), China ($43.9B), Italy ($20B), Netherlands ($18.6B), and Czechia ($16.2B).

In 2022, Poland was the world's biggest importer of Oxometallic or Peroxometallic Acid Salts ($3.06B), Carbon ($714M), Roofing Tiles ($97.6M), and Lead Oxides ($17.6M)

Location Poland borders Belarus, Czechia, Germany, Lithuania, Russia, Slovakia, and Ukraine by land and Denmark and Sweden by sea.

Latest Trends

Latest Trade

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The following section uses the most recent trade data from partners of Poland.

Disclaimer: data is presented based on availability and only countries that use the harmonized system are being shown.

* Trade values are converted to USD using each month's exchange rate. For December 2023 data, the exchange rate from December 30, 2023 is used.

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Latest Data

Flow
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Depth

The data obtained is mirror data. The trade of countries that do not report current data can be reconstructed based on data reported by partner countries with current data available.

*All data is converted to USD using January 2020 exchange rates when data is reported in local currency.

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Historical Data

Yearly Trade

Flow
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Depth
Top Destination (2022)Germany$93.1B

In 2022, Poland exported a total of $346B, making it the number 24 exporter in the world. During the last five reported years the exports of Poland have changed by $121B from $225B in 2017 to $346B in 2022.

The most recent exports are led by Motor vehicles; parts and accessories (8701 to 8705) ($15.3B), Electric Batteries ($9.55B), Computers ($6.73B), Seats ($6.67B), and Other Furniture ($6.66B). The most common destination for the exports of Poland are Germany ($93.1B), Czechia ($22.4B), France ($19.8B), United Kingdom ($17.2B), and Netherlands ($16.3B).

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Exports (2022)
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Destinations (2022)
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Market Growth

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Growth
Fastest Growing Export Markets (2021 - 2022)
Germany$3.4B (+ 3.79%)
Czechia$3.33B (+ 17.4%)
Ukraine$2.03B (+ 28.8%)
Fastest Growing Import Markets (2021 - 2022)
Germany$4.73B (+ 5.62%)
United States$4.12B (+ 54.5%)
Saudi Arabia$2.96B (+ 128%)

Total Export Growth by Market (2021 - 2022)

Potential Exports

Potential Exports

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Service Trade

Service Trade

Poland Exports Services (2020)$51B
Poland Imports Services (2020)$35.6B

In 2020, Poland exported $51B worth of services. The top services exported by Poland in 2020 were Other transport ($16.4B), Miscellaneous business, professional, and technical services ($16.2B), Personal travel ($4.74B), Business travel ($3.48B), and Construction abroad ($1.66B).

The top services imported by Poland in 2020 were Miscellaneous business, professional, and technical services ($11.9B), Other transport ($5.05B), Personal travel ($3.73B), Sea transport ($2.33B), and Other royalties and license fees ($2.04B).

Service Exports (2020)

Service Imports (2020)

Economic Complexity

Overview

Economic Complexity (Trade)0.99Rank 28 of 133
Economic Complexity (Technology)1Rank 20 of 96
Economic Complexity (Research)0.54Rank 36 of 135

Most Specialized Products by RCA Index

Poland has a high level of specialization in Rye (21), Tar (15.7), Coke (14.2), Razor Blades (13.1), and Wood Crates (12.9). Specialization is measured using RCA, an index that takes the ratio between Poland observed and expected exports in each product.

Most Complex Products by PCI

Export Opportunities by Relatedness

The top export opportunities for Poland according to the relatedness index, were Veneer Sheets (0.52), Bovine (0.51), Cucumbers (0.51), Sawn Wood (0.51), and Beer (0.5). Relatedness measures the distance between a country's current exports and each product. The barchart show only products that Poland is not specialized in.

Product Space

The product space is a network connecting products that are likely to be co-exported. The product space can be used to predict future exports, since countries are more likely to start exporting products that are related to current exports. Relatedness measures the distance between a product, and all of the products a country currently specializes in.

Relatedness Space

This network shows the products most related to the production structure of Poland. These are products that tend to be co-exported with the products that Poland exports. Higher relatedness values ​​indicate greater knowledge, which predicts a greater probability of exporting that product in the future.

Relatedness Space (2022)

Diversification Frontier

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Depth

The Complexity-Relatedness diagram compares the risk vs strategic value of a country's potential export oppotunities. Relatedness is predictive of the probability that a country increases its exports in a product. Complexity, is associated with higher levels of income, economic growth, less income inequality, and lower greenhouse emissions.

Diversification Frontier

Economic Complexity Ranking

Methodology
Scale

During the last 20 years Poland's⁩ ⁨economy has become relatively more complex, moving from the ⁩⁨29th to the 28th⁩ position in the ECI rank.

These economic complexity rankings use 6 digit exports classified according to the HS96 classification. We consider only countries with population of at least 1 million and exports of at least $1 billion, and products with world trade over $500 million. To explore different rankings and vary these parameters visit the custom rankings section.

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ECI (Trade) Ranking by Country

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