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2023
Economic Complexity
Trade -0.55Rank 89 of 132
2021
Economic Complexity
Technology -1.21Rank 80 of 96
2022
Economic Complexity
Research -0.66Rank 100 of 140
2023
Product
Exports | Imports $35.8B | $58.2B66 of 226 |  56 of 226
2023
Per Capita Product
Exports | Imports $145 | $235163 of 220 |  203 of 220

About

Overview In 2023, Pakistan was the number 45 economy in the world in terms of GDP (current US$), the number 66 in total exports, the number 56 in total imports, the number 170 economy in terms of GDP per capita (current US$) and the number 89 most complex economy according to the Economic Complexity Index (ECI) .

Exports The top exports of Pakistan are House Linens ($4.07B), Refined Petroleum ($2.79B), Rice ($2.47B), Non-Knit Men's Suits ($2.27B), and Knit Sweaters ($1.56B), exporting mostly to United States ($5.18B), United Arab Emirates ($3.7B), China ($3.4B), Germany ($2.43B), and United Kingdom ($2.28B).

Imports The top imports of Pakistan are Petroleum Gas ($7.56B), Refined Petroleum ($6.47B), Crude Petroleum ($4.78B), Palm Oil ($2.86B), and Scrap Iron ($1.17B), importing mostly from China ($14.4B), Qatar ($6.52B), United Arab Emirates ($5.08B), Saudi Arabia ($4.49B), and Indonesia ($3.5B).

In 2023, Pakistan was the world's biggest importer of Tea ($611M), Used Clothing ($335M), and Metallic Yarn ($18.6M)

Location Pakistan borders Afghanistan, China, India, and Iran by land and Oman by sea.

Latest Trends

Latest Trade

Flow
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Y-AXIS SCALE

The following section uses the most recent trade data from partners of Pakistan.

Disclaimer: data is presented based on availability and only countries that use the harmonized system are being shown.

* Trade values are converted to USD using each month's exchange rate. For December 2023 data, the exchange rate from December 30, 2023 is used.

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Latest Data

Flow
Color
Depth

The data obtained is mirror data. The trade of countries that do not report current data can be reconstructed based on data reported by partner countries with current data available.

*All data is converted to USD using January 2020 exchange rates when data is reported in local currency.

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Historical Data

Yearly Trade

Flow
Color
Depth
Top Export (2023)House Linens$4.07B
Top Destination (2023)United States$5.18B

In 2023, Pakistan exported a total of $35.8B, making it the number 66 exporter in the world. During the last five reported years the exports of Pakistan have changed by $6.27B from $29.6B in 2018 to $35.8B in 2023.

The most recent exports are led by House Linens ($4.07B), Refined Petroleum ($2.79B), Rice ($2.47B), Non-Knit Men's Suits ($2.27B), and Knit Sweaters ($1.56B). The most common destination for the exports of Pakistan are United States ($5.18B), United Arab Emirates ($3.7B), China ($3.4B), Germany ($2.43B), and United Kingdom ($2.28B).

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Exports (2023)
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Destinations (2023)
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Market Growth

Flow
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Growth
Fastest Growing Export Markets (2022 - 2023)
United Arab Emirates$761M (+ 25.9%)
Indonesia$117M (+ 63.3%)
Saudi Arabia$117M (+ 18.9%)
Fastest Growing Import Markets (2022 - 2023)
Qatar$2.43B (+ 59.5%)
Australia$367M (+ 66.9%)
Russia$303M (+ 52.1%)

Total Export Growth by Market (2022 - 2023)

Potential Exports

Potential Exports

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Service Trade

Service Trade

Pakistan Exports Services (2019)$5.77B
Pakistan Imports Services (2019)$9.79B

In 2019, Pakistan exported $5.77B worth of services. The top services exported by Pakistan in 2019 were Other business services ($1.47B), Computer and information services ($1.29B), Government services, n.i.e. ($1.21B), Transportation ($854M), and Personal travel ($492M).

The top services imported by Pakistan in 2019 were Transportation ($3.55B), Other business services ($2.54B), Personal travel ($1.63B), Construction services ($501M), and Computer and information services ($426M).

Service Exports (2019)

Service Imports (2019)

Economic Complexity

Overview

Economic Complexity (Trade)-0.55Rank 89 of 132
Economic Complexity (Technology)-1.21Rank 80 of 96
Economic Complexity (Research)-0.66Rank 100 of 140

Most Specialized Products by RCA Index

Pakistan has a high level of specialization in House Linens (122), Heavy Pure Woven Cotton (88.4), Light Synthetic Cotton Fabrics (77.5), Other Cotton Fabrics (70.6), and Light Mixed Woven Cotton (70.2). Specialization is measured using RCA, an index that takes the ratio between Pakistan observed and expected exports in each product.

Most Complex Products by PCI

The highest complexity exports of Pakistan according to the product complexity index (PCI) are Knives; with cutting blades, serrated or not (including pruning knives), other than... (0.92), Tools, hand; files, rasps, pliers (including cutting pliers), pincers, tweezers, metal cutting... (0.8), Explosives; propellent powders (0.78), Pitch and pitch coke; obtained from coal tar or from other mineral... (0.75), and Polymers of styrene, in primary forms (0.73). PCI measures the knowledge intensity of a product by considering the knowledge intensity of its exporters.

Export Opportunities by Relatedness

The top export opportunities for Pakistan according to the relatedness index, were Insect Resins (0.31), Cassava (0.3), Non-Knit Women's Shirts (0.3), Tin Ores (0.28), and Gold (0.28). Relatedness measures the distance between a country's current exports and each product. The barchart show only products that Pakistan is not specialized in.

Product Space

The product space is a network connecting products that are likely to be co-exported. The product space can be used to predict future exports, since countries are more likely to start exporting products that are related to current exports. Relatedness measures the distance between a product, and all of the products a country currently specializes in.

Relatedness Space

This network shows the products most related to the production structure of Pakistan. These are products that tend to be co-exported with the products that Pakistan exports. Higher relatedness values ​​indicate greater knowledge, which predicts a greater probability of exporting that product in the future.

Relatedness Space (2023)

Diversification Frontier

Filter
Depth

The Complexity-Relatedness diagram compares the risk vs strategic value of a country's potential export oppotunities. Relatedness is predictive of the probability that a country increases its exports in a product. Complexity, is associated with higher levels of income, economic growth, less income inequality, and lower greenhouse emissions.

Diversification Frontier

Economic Complexity Ranking

Methodology
Scale

During the last 20 years Pakistan's⁩ ⁨economy has become relatively more complex, moving from the ⁩⁨94th to the 89th⁩ position in the ECI rank.

These economic complexity rankings use 6 digit exports classified according to the HS96 classification. We consider only countries with population of at least 1 million and exports of at least $1 billion, and products with world trade over $500 million. To explore different rankings and vary these parameters visit the custom rankings section.

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ECI (Trade) Ranking by Country

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