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2022
Economic Complexity
Trade 1.3Rank 16 of 133
2021
Economic Complexity
Technology 1.24Rank 7 of 96
2022
Economic Complexity
Research 1.72Rank 15 of 135
2022
Product
Exports | Imports $608B | $799B8 of 226 |  5 of 226
2022
Per Capita Product
Exports | Imports $8.95k | $11.8k46 of 220 |  46 of 220

About

Overview In 2022, France was the number 7 economy in the world in terms of GDP (current US$), the number 8 in total exports, the number 5 in total imports, the number 26 economy in terms of GDP per capita (current US$) and the number 16 most complex economy according to the Economic Complexity Index (ECI) .

Exports The top exports of France are Planes, Helicopters, and/or Spacecraft ($26.6B), Packaged Medicaments ($26B), Cars ($21.3B), Petroleum Gas ($15.9B), and Motor vehicles; parts and accessories (8701 to 8705) ($13.9B), exporting mostly to Germany ($78.3B), Italy ($56.4B), United States ($50B), Belgium ($47.8B), and Spain ($46.4B).

In 2022, France was the world's biggest exporter of Wine ($13.1B), Beauty Products ($10.8B), Perfumes ($7.24B), Bovine ($1.72B), and Water ($921M)

Imports The top imports of France are Petroleum Gas ($61.9B), Cars ($37.3B), Refined Petroleum ($34.3B), Crude Petroleum ($32.3B), and Packaged Medicaments ($17.6B), importing mostly from Germany ($120B), Belgium ($71.1B), Spain ($65.2B), Italy ($63.8B), and Netherlands ($59.9B).

In 2022, France was the world's biggest importer of Electricity ($14.6B), Non-fillet Fresh Fish ($2.78B), Butter ($1.53B), Glands and Other Organs ($1.11B), and Nuclear Reactors ($616M)

Location France borders by land and United Kingdom by sea.

Latest Trends

Fourth Quarter, 2023

About

Overview In Fourth Quarter 2023 France exported €149B and imported €175B, resulting in a negative trade balance of €26.6B. Between Fourth Quarter 2022 and Fourth Quarter 2023 the exports of France have decreased by €-3.69B (-2.43%) from €152B to €149B, while imports decreased by €-24.3B (-12.2%) from €199B to €175B.

Trade In Fourth Quarter 2023, the top exports of France were Chemicals (€17.5B), Other transport equipment (€16.8B), Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers (€14.5B), Machines and equipment n.e.c. (€12B), and Food industry products (€10.7B). In Fourth Quarter 2023 the top imports of France were Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers (€20.8B), Computer, electronic and optical products (€14.8B), Hydrocarbons (€14.2B), Machines and equipment n.e.c. (€13.9B), and Chemicals (€13.4B).

Origins In Fourth Quarter 2023 the exports of France were mainly from Haute-Garonne (€10B), Hauts-de-Seine (€8.13B), Paris (€7.78B), Nord (€7.16B), and Val-d'Oise (€6.49B), while imports destinations were mainly Bouches-du-Rhône (€10.7B), Paris (€10.5B), Nord (€9.77B), Hauts-de-Seine (€9.21B), and Seine-Maritime (€9.19B).

Destinations In Fourth Quarter 2023, France exported mostly to Germany (€19.2B), United States (€12.4B), Italy (€12.4B), Belgium (€11.8B), and Spain (€11.4B), and imported mostly from Germany (€22.4B), China (€18B), United States (€13.6B), Italy (€12.9B), and Belgium (€12.4B).

Growth In Fourth Quarter 2023, the decrease in France's year-by-year exports was explained primarily by an decrease in exports to Italy (€-1.64B or -11.7%), Switzerland (€-1.59B or -24.2%), and China (€-1.1B or -14.9%), and product exports decrease in Hydrocarbons (€-3.05B or -66.4%), Agricultural and hunting products and related... (€-1.13B or -21%), and Chemicals (€-1.12B or -6.03%). In Fourth Quarter 2023, the decrease in France's year-by-year imports was explained primarily by an decrease in imports from Belgium (€-6.31B or -33.7%), China (€-2.11B or -10.5%), and Russia (€-2.1B or -68%), and product imports decrease in Hydrocarbons (€-9.13B or -39.1%), Coking and refining products (€-4.14B or -37.4%), and Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning (€-3.18B or -88.9%).

Latest Trade

Time Scale
Flow
Color
Depth
EXPORT GROWTH (Fourth Quarter 2022 - Fourth Quarter 2023)€-3.69B(-2.43%)
IMPORT GROWTH (Fourth Quarter 2022 - Fourth Quarter 2023)€-24.3B(-12.2%)
MAIN EXPORTER (Fourth Quarter 2023)Haute-Garonne€10B
MAIN DESTINATION (Fourth Quarter 2023)Germany€19.2B

This section shows exports and imports data at subnational level for France. Click any date in the line plot, any subnational region in the geomap, or any product, destination or origin country to explore the exports or imports behavior of France over time.

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Historical Data

Yearly Trade

Flow
Color
Depth
Top Export (2022)Planes, Helicopters, and/or Spacecraft$26.6B
Top Destination (2022)Germany$78.3B

In 2022, France exported a total of $608B, making it the number 8 exporter in the world. During the last five reported years the exports of France have changed by $83.9B from $524B in 2017 to $608B in 2022.

The most recent exports are led by Planes, Helicopters, and/or Spacecraft ($26.6B), Packaged Medicaments ($26B), Cars ($21.3B), Petroleum Gas ($15.9B), and Motor vehicles; parts and accessories (8701 to 8705) ($13.9B). The most common destination for the exports of France are Germany ($78.3B), Italy ($56.4B), United States ($50B), Belgium ($47.8B), and Spain ($46.4B).

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Exports (2022)
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Destinations (2022)
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Market Growth

Flow
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Growth
Fastest Growing Export Markets (2021 - 2022)
Italy$10.5B (+ 22.8%)
United States$7.77B (+ 18.4%)
Spain$4.79B (+ 11.5%)
Fastest Growing Import Markets (2021 - 2022)
Norway$15.8B (+ 156%)
United States$14.8B (+ 55.5%)
Belgium$10.2B (+ 16.7%)

Total Export Growth by Market (2021 - 2022)

Potential Exports

Potential Exports

Type
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Depth
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Service Trade

Service Trade

France Exports Services (2020)$213B
France Imports Services (2020)$199B

In 2020, France exported $213B worth of services. The top services exported by France in 2020 were Miscellaneous business, professional, and technical services ($75.4B), Personal travel ($29.3B), Sea transport ($19.7B), Other transport ($16.3B), and Royalties and license fees ($14.7B).

The top services imported by France in 2020 were Miscellaneous business, professional, and technical services ($66.5B), Other transport ($24.7B), Personal travel ($16.4B), Sea transport ($13.5B), and Royalties and license fees ($12.3B).

Service Exports (2020)

Service Imports (2020)

Economic Complexity

Overview

Economic Complexity (Trade)1.3Rank 16 of 133
Economic Complexity (Technology)1.24Rank 7 of 96
Economic Complexity (Research)1.72Rank 15 of 135

Most Specialized Products by RCA Index

France has a high level of specialization in Flax Fibers (22.6), Wood Barrels (17.7), Wine (13), Perfumes (12.8), and Zinc Sheets (9.82). Specialization is measured using RCA, an index that takes the ratio between France observed and expected exports in each product.

Most Complex Products by PCI

The highest complexity exports of France according to the product complexity index (PCI) are Chemical elements doped for use in electronics, in the form of discs,... (1.9), Esters of other inorganic acids of non-metals (other than of hydrogen halides)... (1.8), Ion-exchangers; based on polymers of heading no. 3901 to 3913, in primary... (1.72), Screws, bolts, nuts, coach screws, screw hooks, rivets, cotters, cotter-pins, washers (including... (1.67), and Stainless steel bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils (1.66). PCI measures the knowledge intensity of a product by considering the knowledge intensity of its exporters.

Export Opportunities by Relatedness

The top export opportunities for France according to the relatedness index, were Coin (0.49), Chemical Analysis Instruments (0.49), Fairground Amusements (0.48), Tensile Testing Machines (0.48), and Photographic Paper (0.48). Relatedness measures the distance between a country's current exports and each product. The barchart show only products that France is not specialized in.

Product Space

The product space is a network connecting products that are likely to be co-exported. The product space can be used to predict future exports, since countries are more likely to start exporting products that are related to current exports. Relatedness measures the distance between a product, and all of the products a country currently specializes in.

Relatedness Space

This network shows the products most related to the production structure of France. These are products that tend to be co-exported with the products that France exports. Higher relatedness values ​​indicate greater knowledge, which predicts a greater probability of exporting that product in the future.

Relatedness Space (2022)

Diversification Frontier

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Depth

The Complexity-Relatedness diagram compares the risk vs strategic value of a country's potential export oppotunities. Relatedness is predictive of the probability that a country increases its exports in a product. Complexity, is associated with higher levels of income, economic growth, less income inequality, and lower greenhouse emissions.

Diversification Frontier

Economic Complexity Ranking

Methodology
Scale

During the last 20 years France's⁩ ⁨economy has become relatively less complex, moving from the ⁩⁨10th to the 16th⁩ position in the ECI rank.

These economic complexity rankings use 6 digit exports classified according to the HS96 classification. We consider only countries with population of at least 1 million and exports of at least $1 billion, and products with world trade over $500 million. To explore different rankings and vary these parameters visit the custom rankings section.

Explore Rankings

ECI (Trade) Ranking by Country

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