SpainEcon Complexity (2018): 0.85, Rank 33 of 137
Product Exports (2018): $330B, Rank 15 of 222
Exports Per Capita (2018): $7.06k, Rank N/A of N/A
Product Imports (2018): $377B, Rank 14 of 221
Imports Per Capita (2018): $8.07k, Rank N/A of N/A
Service Exports (2017): $131B, Rank 10 of 139
Service Imports (2017): $72.4B, Rank 19 of 139
Overview: This page contains the latest international trade data for Spain, including service trade data, and tariffs. In 2018 Spain was the number 14 economy in the world in terms of GDP (current US$), the number 15 in total exports, the number 14 in total imports, and the number 33 most complex economy according to the Economic Complexity Index (ECI). In 2018, Spain exported $330B and imported $377B, resulting in a negative trade balance of -$47.3B. In 2018, Spain's exports per capita were $7.06k and its imports per capita were $8.07k.
Trade: The top exports of Spain are Cars ($35.9B), Refined Petroleum ($13.3B), Vehicle Parts ($11.7B), Packaged Medicaments ($8.82B), and Delivery Trucks ($6.65B). The top imports of Spain are Crude Petroleum ($28.2B), Cars ($22.6B), Vehicle Parts ($14B), Packaged Medicaments ($10.1B), and Petroleum Gas ($9.17B).
Destinations: Spain exports mostly to France ($48.6B), Germany ($36.3B), Portugal ($27.2B), Italy ($25.4B), and United Kingdom ($22.6B), and imports mostly from Germany ($50.2B), France ($42.7B), China ($28.5B), Italy ($28B), and Portugal ($16.8B).
Location: Spain borders Andorra, France, Morocco, Portugal, and Gibraltar by land and Algeria and Italy by sea.
Overview: In July 2020 Spain exported €23.8B and imported €24B, resulting in a negative trade balance of €152M. Between July 2019 and July 2020 the exports of Spain have decreased by €-2.76B (-10.4%) from €26.6B to €23.8B, while imports decreased by €-5.29B (-18.1%) from €29.3B to €24B.
Trade: In July 2020 the top exports of Spain were Cars (€2.91B), Commodities not elsewhere specified (€1.22B), Packaged Medicaments (€1.01B), Vehicle Parts (€590M), and Refined Petroleum (€575M). In July 2020 the top imports of Spain were Crude Petroleum (€1.34B), Vehicle Parts (€1.24B), Commodities not elsewhere specified (€793M), Packaged Medicaments (€775M), and Cars (€737M).
Origins: In July 2020 the exports of Spain were mainly from Barcelona (€4.63B), Madrid (€2.88B), Valencia (€1.44B), Zaragoza (€1.12B), and Pontevedra (€1.09B), while imports destinations were mainly Madrid (€5.28B), Barcelona (€5.21B), Valencia (€1.41B), Pontevedra (€906M), and Zaragoza (€886M).
Destinations: In July 2020 Spain exported mostly to France (€3.87B), Germany (€2.76B), Italy (€1.75B), Portugal (€1.75B), and United Kingdom (€1.35B), and imported mostly from Germany (€2.81B), China (€2.7B), France (€2.4B), Italy (€1.57B), and United States (€1.1B).
Growth: In July 2020, the decrease in Spain's year-by-year exports was explained primarily by a decrease in exports to United Kingdom (€-391M or -22.5%), World (€-351M or -24.2%), and Italy (€-272M or -13.4%), and product exports decrease in Refined Petroleum (€-656M or -53.3%), Vehicle Parts (€-166M or -21.9%), and Delivery Trucks (€-153M or -27.6%). In July 2020, the decrease in Spain's year-by-year imports was explained primarily by a decrease in imports from Germany (€-705M or -20.1%), Italy (€-437M or -21.7%), and France (€-408M or -14.5%), and product imports decrease in Cars (€-794M or -51.8%), Crude Petroleum (€-782M or -36.8%), and Refined Petroleum (€-396M or -57.3%).
EXPORT GROWTH (July 2019 - July 2020): €-2.76B, (-10.4%)
IMPORT GROWTH (July 2019 - July 2020): €-5.29B, (-18.1%)
MAIN EXPORTER (July 2020): Barcelona, €4.63B
MAIN DESTINATION (July 2020): France, €3.87B
This section shows exports and imports data at subnational level for Spain. Click any date in the line plot, any subnational region in the geomap, or any product, destination or origin country to explore the exports or imports behavior of Spain over time.
This section shows the differences between Spain's total subnational aggregate trade throughout time. To explore different subnational trade comparisons in time, visit Spain's subnational profiles.
In 2018 Spain exported a total of $330B, making it the number 15 exporter in the world. During the last five reported years the exports of Spain have changed by $34.9B from $295B in 2013 to $330B in 2018.
The most recent exports are led by Cars ($35.9B), Refined Petroleum ($13.3B), Vehicle Parts ($11.7B), Packaged Medicaments ($8.82B), and Delivery Trucks ($6.65B). The most common destination for the exports of Spain are France ($48.6B), Germany ($36.3B), Portugal ($27.2B), Italy ($25.4B), and United Kingdom ($22.6B).
Top Import (2018): Crude Petroleum, $28.2B
Top Origin (2018): Germany, $50.2B
In 2018 Spain imported $377B, making it the number 14 trade destination in the world. During the last five reported years the imports of Spain changed by $50.5B from $327B in 2013 to $377B in 2018.
The most recent imports of Spain are led by Crude Petroleum ($28.2B), Cars ($22.6B), Vehicle Parts ($14B), Packaged Medicaments ($10.1B), and Petroleum Gas ($9.17B). The most common import partners for Spain are Germany ($50.2B), France ($42.7B), China ($28.5B), Italy ($28B), and Portugal ($16.8B).
Spain Exports Services (2017): $131B
Spain Imports Services (2017): $72.4B
In 2017, Spain exported $131B worth of services. The top services exported by Spain in 2017 were Travel ($67.9B), Miscellaneous business, professional, and technical services ($22.6B), Transportation ($17.8B), Computer and information services ($12.6B), and Financial services ($3.67B).
The top services imported by Spain in 2017 were Travel ($22.3B), Miscellaneous business, professional, and technical services ($16.5B), Transportation ($14.7B), Computer and information services ($6.81B), and Royalties and license fees ($5.06B).
This section shows forecasts for total product exports and imports for Spain. The forecast is based in a long short-term memory model or LSTM constructed using yearly trade data.
The top product import tariffs by their MFN Ad Valorem value for Spain are Sugar beet (178%) and Whey (173%).
Click any of the products in the bar chart to see the specific Ad Valorem Duty Rates by partner country.
*The tariffs applied to imports for Spain are:
During the last 20 years Spain's economy has become relatively less complex, moving from the 19th to the 33rd position in the ECI rank.
These economic complexity rankings use 6 digit exports classified according to the HS96 classification. We consider only countries with population of at least 1 million and exports of at least $1 billion, and products with world trade over $500 million. To explore different rankings and vary these parameters visit the custom rankings section.
This section shows exports, imports and economic complexity data at subnational level for Spain. Click any of the Province in the geomap to visit the specific subnational profile.
Spain has a high level of specialization in Slate (28.1), Olive Oil (26.1), Pure Olive Oil (24.1), Lettuce (16.9), and Cucumbers (14.9). Specialization is measured using RCA, an index that takes the ratio between Spain observed and expected exports in each product.
The highest complexity exports of Spain according to the product complexity index (PCI) are Machine-tools for non-mechanical removal of material (2.01), Calendaring, rolling machines, except for metal, glass (1.92), Lathes for removing metal (1.9), Bar or rod of stainless steel, hot rolled, coiled (1.74), and Polyamides in primary forms (1.71). PCI measures the knowledge intensity of a product by considering the knowledge intensity of its exporters.
The top export opportunities for Spain according to the relatedness index, are Wheat Flours (0.51), Non-Knit Men's Undergarments (0.51), Knit Men's Undergarments (0.51), Insect Resins (0.51), and Raw Sugar (0.51). Relatedness measures the distance between a country's current exports and each product. The barchart show only products that Spain is not specialized in.
The product space is a network connecting products that are likely to be co-exported. The product space can be used to predict future exports, since countries are more likely to start exporting products that are related to current exports. Relatedness measures the distance between a product, and all of the products it is currently specialized in.
The Complexity-Relatedness diagram compares the risk and the strategic value of a country's potential export oppotunities. Relatedness is a predictive of the probability that a country increases its exports in a product. Complexity, is associated with higher levels of income, economic growth, less income inequality, and lower emissions.
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