Egypt2020 Economic Complexity : -0.17, Rank 68 of 127
2020 Product Exports | Imports: $33.6B | $76.4B, 57 of 226 | 41 of 226
2020 Per Capita Product Exports | Imports: $328 | $747, 169 of 219 | 159 of 219
2019 Service Exports | Imports : $25.1B | $21.2B, 37 of 108 | 38 of 108
Overview In 2020, Egypt was the number 30 economy in the world in terms of GDP (current US$), the number 57 in total exports, the number 41 in total imports, the number 126 economy in terms of GDP per capita (current US$) and the number 68 most complex economy according to the Economic Complexity Index (ECI).
Exports The top exports of Egypt are Refined Petroleum ($3.4B), Gold ($3.29B), Crude Petroleum ($2.74B), Nitrogenous Fertilizers ($1.17B), and Citrus ($946M), exporting mostly to United Arab Emirates ($3.21B), United States ($2.38B), Saudi Arabia ($2.08B), Turkey ($1.96B), and Italy ($1.95B).
In 2020, Egypt was the world's biggest exporter of Aluminium Powder ($99.2M)
Imports The top imports of Egypt are Wheat ($5.2B), Crude Petroleum ($3.42B), Cars ($2.91B), Broadcasting Equipment ($2B), and Refined Petroleum ($1.87B), importing mostly from China ($13.3B), Russia ($5.14B), United States ($4.82B), Germany ($3.75B), and United Arab Emirates ($3.69B).
In 2020, Egypt was the world's biggest importer of Wheat ($5.2B) and Other Locomotives ($230M)
Location Egypt borders Israel, Libya, and Sudan by land and Cyprus, Greece, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, and Turkey by sea.
The following section uses the most recent trade data from partners of Egypt.
Disclaimer: data is presented based on availability and only countries that use the harmonized system are being shown.
*All data is converted to USD using January 2020 exchange rates when data is reported in local currency.
Data is presented based on data availability. Only countries using the Harmonic System (HS) are selected. Every source is shown using their own latest twelve months of data.
*All data is converted to USD using January 2020 exchange rates when data is reported in local currency.
Top Export (2020): Refined Petroleum, $3.4B
Top Destination (2020): United Arab Emirates, $13.3B
In 2020, Egypt exported a total of $33.6B, making it the number 57 exporter in the world. During the last five reported years the exports of Egypt have changed by $4.85B from $28.7B in 2015 to $33.6B in 2020.
The most recent exports are led by Refined Petroleum ($3.4B), Gold ($3.29B), Crude Petroleum ($2.74B), Nitrogenous Fertilizers ($1.17B), and Citrus ($946M). The most common destination for the exports of Egypt are United Arab Emirates ($3.21B), United States ($2.38B), Saudi Arabia ($2.08B), Turkey ($1.96B), and Italy ($1.95B).
Egypt Exports Services (2019): $25.1B
Egypt Imports Services (2019): $21.2B
In 2019, Egypt exported $25.1B worth of services. The top services exported by Egypt in 2019 were Personal travel ($13B), Transportation ($8.5B), Computer and information services ($836M), Government services, n.i.e. ($797M), and Other business services ($683M).
The top services imported by Egypt in 2019 were Transportation ($8.55B), Other business services ($4.58B), Personal travel ($3.43B), Insurance services ($2.24B), and Government services, n.i.e. ($779M).
Egypt has a high level of specialization in Aluminium Powder (87.5), Phosphatic Fertilizers (82.8), Calcium Phosphates (41.7), Preserved Vegetables (41.6), and Hand-Woven Rugs (29.4). Specialization is measured using RCA, an index that takes the ratio between Egypt observed and expected exports in each product.
The highest complexity exports of Egypt according to the product complexity index (PCI) are Esters of other inorganic acids of non-metals (other than of hydrogen halides) and their salts, their halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives (1.96), Prepared glues and other prepared adhesives, n.e.c. or included; products suitable for use as glues or adhesives, put up for retail sale as glues or adhesives, not exceeding 1kg net weight (1.18), Pigments, prepared; opacifiers, colours, vitrifiable enamels, glazes, engobes (slips), liquid lustres etc as used in the ceramic enamelling or glass industry; glass frit and powder, granules or flakes (1.16), Glass in balls (other than microspheres of heading no. 7018), rods or tubes, unworked (0.99), and Furnaces and ovens; industrial or laboratory, including incinerators, non-electric (0.9). PCI measures the knowledge intensity of a product by considering the knowledge intensity of its exporters.
The top export opportunities for Egypt according to the relatedness index, are Raw Tobacco (0.36), Crustaceans (0.35), Other Nuts (0.35), Other Vegetables (0.35), and Chromium Ore (0.35). Relatedness measures the distance between a country's current exports and each product. The barchart show only products that Egypt is not specialized in.
The product space is a network connecting products that are likely to be co-exported. The product space can be used to predict future exports, since countries are more likely to start exporting products that are related to current exports. Relatedness measures the distance between a product, and all of the products a country currently specializes in.
The Complexity-Relatedness diagram compares the risk vs strategic value of a country's potential export oppotunities. Relatedness is predictive of the probability that a country increases its exports in a product. Complexity, is associated with higher levels of income, economic growth, less income inequality, and lower greenhouse emissions.
During the last 20 years Egypt's economy has become relatively less complex, moving from the 66th to the 68th position in the ECI rank.
These economic complexity rankings use 6 digit exports classified according to the HS96 classification. We consider only countries with population of at least 1 million and exports of at least $1 billion, and products with world trade over $500 million. To explore different rankings and vary these parameters visit the custom rankings section.
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