CanadaEcon Complexity (2018): 0.98, Rank 25 of 137
Product Exports (2018): $431B, Rank 12 of 222
Exports Per Capita (2018): $11.6k, Rank N/A of N/A
Product Imports (2018): $369B, Rank 15 of 221
Imports Per Capita (2018): $9.96k, Rank N/A of N/A
Service Exports (2018): $82.9B, Rank 11 of 88
Service Imports (2018): $109B, Rank 9 of 88
Overview: In 2018 Canada was the number 10 economy in the world in terms of GDP (current US$), the number 12 in total exports, the number 15 in total imports, the number N/A economy in terms of GDP per capita (current US$) and the number 25 most complex economy according to the Economic Complexity Index (ECI)
Exports: The top exports of Canada are Crude Petroleum ($66.6B), Cars ($41B), Gold ($12.9B), Refined Petroleum ($12.3B), and Vehicle Parts ($11.3B), exporting mostly to United States ($314B), China ($21.5B), United Kingdom ($12.9B), Japan ($10.2B), and Mexico ($6.99B).
In 2018, Canada was the world's biggest exporter of Sawn Wood ($7.7B), Raw Aluminium ($6.52B), Potassic Fertilizers ($5.26B), Rapeseed ($4.45B), and Newsprint ($2.79B)
Imports: The top imports of Canada are Cars ($29.4B), Refined Petroleum ($15.8B), Delivery Trucks ($13.7B), Crude Petroleum ($12.2B), and Computers ($7.86B), importing mostly from United States ($190B), China ($47.1B), Mexico ($18.3B), Germany ($12.3B), and Japan ($10.5B).
In 2018, Canada was the world's biggest importer of Armored vehicles ($529M), Aqueous Paints ($493M), Cabbages ($450M), Lettuce ($431M), Asphalt ($329M)
Location: Canada borders United States by land and Greenland and Saint Pierre and Miquelon by sea.
Overview: In August 2020 Canada exported C$39.7B and imported C$46.7B, resulting in a negative trade balance of C$7.03B. Between August 2019 and August 2020 the exports of Canada have decreased by C$-5.38B (-11.9%) from C$45.1B to C$39.7B, while imports decreased by C$-5.07B (-9.79%) from C$51.8B to C$46.7B.
Trade: In August 2020, the top exports of Canada were Crude Petroleum (C$5.27B), Cars (C$4.15B), Gold (C$1.34B), Vehicle Parts (C$1.18B), and Sawn Wood (C$912M). In August 2020 the top imports of Canada were Cars (C$2.8B), Vehicle Parts (C$1.99B), Delivery Trucks (C$1.69B), Gold (C$1.39B), and Telephones (C$1.28B).
Origins: In August 2020 the exports of Canada were mainly from Ontario (C$16.4B), Alberta (C$7.38B), Quebec (C$6.43B), British Columbia (C$3.38B), and Saskatchewan (C$2.29B), while imports destinations were mainly Ontario (C$30.7B), Quebec (C$6.06B), British Columbia (C$4.58B), Alberta (C$1.69B), and Manitoba (C$1.64B).
Destinations: In August 2020, Canada exported mostly to United States (C$30.1B), China (C$1.9B), United Kingdom (C$1.18B), Japan (C$973M), and Mexico (C$486M), and imported mostly from United States (C$23.5B), China (C$6.96B), Mexico (C$2.49B), Germany (C$1.33B), and Japan (C$981M).
Growth: In August 2020, the decrease in Canada's year-by-year exports was explained primarily by an decrease in exports to United States (C$-4.01B or -11.8%), United Kingdom (C$-276M or -19%), and Netherlands (C$-139M or -26.1%), and product exports decrease in Crude Petroleum (C$-2.41B or -31.4%), Refined Petroleum (C$-658M or -48%), and Gold (C$-357M or -21.1%). In August 2020, the decrease in Canada's year-by-year imports was explained primarily by an decrease in imports from United States (C$-3.01B or -11.4%), Mexico (C$-482M or -16.2%), and Germany (C$-392M or -22.8%), and product imports decrease in Crude Petroleum (C$-1.15B or -63.9%), Refined Petroleum (C$-784M or -51.2%), and Delivery Trucks (C$-394M or -18.9%).
EXPORT GROWTH (August 2019 - August 2020): C$-5.38B, (-11.9%)
IMPORT GROWTH (August 2019 - August 2020): C$-5.07B, (-9.79%)
MAIN EXPORTER (August 2020): Ontario, C$16.4B
MAIN DESTINATION (August 2020): United States, C$30.1B
This section shows exports and imports data at subnational level for Canada. Click any date in the line plot, any subnational region in the geomap, or any product, destination or origin country to explore the exports or imports behavior of Canada over time.
This section shows the differences between Canada's total subnational aggregate trade throughout time. To explore different subnational trade comparisons in time, visit Canada's subnational profiles.
Top Export (2018): Crude Petroleum, $66.6B
Top Destination (2018): United States, $314B
In 2018, Canada exported a total of $431B, making it the number 12 exporter in the world. During the last five reported years the exports of Canada have changed by -$14.5B from $445B in 2013 to $431B in 2018.
The most recent exports are led by Crude Petroleum ($66.6B), Cars ($41B), Gold ($12.9B), Refined Petroleum ($12.3B), and Vehicle Parts ($11.3B). The most common destination for the exports of Canada are United States ($314B), China ($21.5B), United Kingdom ($12.9B), Japan ($10.2B), and Mexico ($6.99B).
Top Import (2018): Cars, $29.4B
Top Origin (2018): United States, $190B
In 2018 Canada imported $369B, making it the number 15 trade destination in the world. During the last five reported years the imports of Canada changed by -$77.6B from $447B in 2013 to $369B in 2018.
The most recent imports of Canada are led by Cars ($29.4B), Refined Petroleum ($15.8B), Delivery Trucks ($13.7B), Crude Petroleum ($12.2B), and Computers ($7.86B). The most common import partners for Canada are United States ($190B), China ($47.1B), Mexico ($18.3B), Germany ($12.3B), and Japan ($10.5B).
Fastest Growing Export Markets (2017 - 2018)
Fastest Growing Import Markets (2017 - 2018)
Canada Exports Services (2018): $82.9B
Canada Imports Services (2018): $109B
In 2018, Canada exported $82.9B worth of services. The top services exported by Canada in 2018 were Miscellaneous business, professional, and technical services ($22.4B), Personal travel ($19.3B), Computer and information services ($8.85B), Air transport ($6.47B), and Financial services ($5.22B).
The top services imported by Canada in 2018 were Personal travel ($29.3B), Miscellaneous business, professional, and technical services ($19.1B), Royalties and license fees ($11.8B), Sea transport ($11.2B), and Air transport ($9.81B).
This section shows forecasts for total product exports and imports for Canada. The forecast is based in a long short-term memory model or LSTM constructed using yearly trade data.
The top product import tariffs by their MFN Ad Valorem value for Canada are Dairy produce: derived from milk, butter (299%) and Milk and cream unsweetened, concentrated (259%).
Click any of the products in the bar chart to see the specific Ad Valorem Duty Rates by partner country.
*The tariffs applied to imports for Canada are:
During the last 20 years Canada's economy has become relatively less complex, moving from the 17th to the 25th position in the ECI rank.
These economic complexity rankings use 6 digit exports classified according to the HS96 classification. We consider only countries with population of at least 1 million and exports of at least $1 billion, and products with world trade over $500 million. To explore different rankings and vary these parameters visit the custom rankings section.
This section shows exports, imports and economic complexity data at subnational level for Canada. Click any of the Province in the geomap to visit the specific subnational profile.
Canada has a high level of specialization in Semi chemical Woodpulp (23.5), Oats (21.2), Chlorates and Perchlorates (19.6), Aircraft Launch Gear (18.4), and Rapeseed (18.2). Specialization is measured using RCA, an index that takes the ratio between Canada observed and expected exports in each product.
The highest complexity exports of Canada according to the product complexity index (PCI) are Electric solder, weld, braze,hot metal spray equipment (1.83), Fork-lift trucks, other trucks with lifting equipment (1.59), Moulds for metals (except ingot), plastic, rubber, etc (1.42), Machinery for rubber, plastics industry (1.32), and Abrasive cloths, papers etc (including sandpaper) (1.2). PCI measures the knowledge intensity of a product by considering the knowledge intensity of its exporters.
The top export opportunities for Canada according to the relatedness index, are Nitrogenous Fertilizers (0.29), Scrap Lead (0.29), Refined Petroleum (0.28), Raw Iron Bars (0.28), and Prepared Explosives (0.28). Relatedness measures the distance between a country's current exports and each product. The barchart show only products that Canada is not specialized in.
The product space is a network connecting products that are likely to be co-exported. The product space can be used to predict future exports, since countries are more likely to start exporting products that are related to current exports. Relatedness measures the distance between a product, and all of the products it is currently specialized in.
The Complexity-Relatedness diagram compares the risk and the strategic value of a country's potential export oppotunities. Relatedness is a predictive of the probability that a country increases its exports in a product. Complexity, is associated with higher levels of income, economic growth, less income inequality, and lower emissions.
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