Spain (ESP) and Netherlands (NLD) Trade

2023

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Exports $12BRnk 7 / 220

2023

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About

Spain-Netherlands Trade: In 2023, Spain exported $12B to Netherlands. The main products that Spain exported to Netherlands were Refined Petroleum ($1.23B), Cars ($493M), and Industrial Fatty Acids, Oils and Alcohols ($410M). Over the past 5 years the exports of Spain to Netherlands have increased at an annualized rate of 1.47%, from $11.1B in 2018 to $12B in 2023.

In 2020, Spain exported services to Netherlands worth $970M, with Travel ($970M) being the largest in terms of value.

Netherlands-Spain Trade: In 2023, Netherlands exported $21B to Spain. The main products that Netherlands exported to Spain were Refined Petroleum ($1.05B), Broadcasting Equipment ($951M), and Vaccines, blood, antisera, toxins and cultures ($940M). Over the past 5 years the exports of Netherlands to Spain have increased at an annualized rate of 4.73%, from $15.2B in 2018 to $21B in 2023.

In 2020, Netherlands exported services to Spain worth $4.33B, with Other business services ($1.5B), Royalties and license fees ($1.02B), and Transportation ($951M) being the largest in terms of value.

Comparison: In 2023, Spain ranked 31 in the Economic Complexity Index (ECI 0.86), and 16 in total exports ($402B). That same year, Netherlands ranked 26 in the Economic Complexity Index (ECI 1.08), and 9 in total exports ($599B).

Latest Trends

November, 2024

About

Overview In November 2024, Spain exported €892M and imported €1.79B from Netherlands, resulting in a negative trade balance of €896M. Between November 2023 and November 2024 the exports of Spain have decreased by €-89.4M (-9.11%) from €981M to €892M, while imports decreased by €-31.1M (-1.71%) from €1.82B to €1.79B.

Trade In November 2024, the top exports of Spain to Netherlands were Refined Petroleum (€87.8M), Commodities not elsewhere specified (€61.8M), Biodiesel and mixtures thereof (€55.6M), Inedible Fats and Oils (€52M), and Other Vegetables (€39M). In November 2024 the top imports of Spain from Netherlands were Telephones (€83.4M), Computers (€62.6M), Packaged Medicaments (€55.2M), Refined Petroleum (€53M), and Vaccines, blood, antisera, toxins and cultures (€48.7M).

Origins In November 2024 the exports of Spain were mainly from Barcelona (€142M), Murcia (€74.4M), Madrid (€71.5M), Almería (€61.5M), and A Coruña (€54.9M), while imports destinations were mainly Madrid (€484M), Barcelona (€388M), Valencia (€90.9M), Guadalajara (€70.6M), and Huelva (€67.4M).

Growth In November 2024, the decrease in Spain's year-by-year exports to Netherlands was explained primarily by an decrease in product exports in Refined Petroleum (€-89.2M or -50.4%), Acyclic Hydrocarbons (€-13.9M or -90.4%), and Vaccines, blood, antisera, toxins and cultures (€-13.4M or -33.1%). In November 2024, the decrease in Spain's year-by-year imports from Netherlands was explained primarily by an decrease in product imports in Nitrogen Heterocyclic Compounds (€-33.1M or -95.2%), Raw Aluminium (€-27.5M or -48%), and Nitrogenous Fertilizers (€-19.5M or -74.6%).

Latest Trade

Time Scale

Year

Quarter

Month

Flow

Exports

Imports

Value

Trade Value

Growth

Growth (%)

Depth

HS2

HS4

HS6

EXPORT GROWTH (November 2023 - November 2024)€-89.4M(-9.11%)

IMPORT GROWTH (November 2023 - November 2024)€-31.1M(-1.71%)

MAIN EXPORTER (November 2024)Barcelona€142M

This section shows exports and imports data at subnational level for Spain. Click any date in the line plot, any subnational region in the geomap or any product to explore the exports or imports behavior of Spain over time.

To check Netherlands and Spain trade dynamics, check the bilateral page.

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Historical Data

Bilateral Trade by Products

Depth

HS2

HS4

HS6

Value

Trade

Growth

Growth (%)

Year

In 2023, Spain exported $12B to Netherlands. The main products exported from Spain to Netherlands were Refined Petroleum ($1.23B), Cars ($493M), and Industrial Fatty Acids, Oils and Alcohols ($410M). During the last 5 years the exports of Spain to Netherlands have increased at an annualized rate of 1.47%, from $11.1B in 2018 to $12B in 2023.

In 2018, Netherlands exported $21B to Spain. The main products exported from Netherlands to Spain were Refined Petroleum ($1.05B), Broadcasting Equipment ($951M), and Vaccines, blood, antisera, toxins and cultures ($940M). During the last 5 years the exports of Netherlands to Spain have increased at an annualized rate of 4.73%, from $15.2B in 2023 to $21B in 2018.

Exports from Spain () to Netherlands () (2023)

Exports from Netherlands () to Spain () (2023)

Market Competitiveness

Color

Exports

Export Growth

Section

Year

Spain
Top DestinationFrance$61.9B

Netherlands
Top DestinationGermany$96.9B

This map shows whether countries import more from Spain or Netherlands. Each country is colored based on the difference in imports they receive from Spain and Netherlands or the difference in the growth in imports.

In 2023, countries that imported more from Spain than Netherlands included Portugal ($38.1B), Morocco ($11.7B), and Turkey ($9.65B).

In 2023, countries that imported more from Netherlands than Spain included Belgium ($87B), Germany ($96.9B), and Sweden ($17.6B).

Difference in imports from Netherlands () and Spain () (2023)

Comparative Advantage Spain - Netherlands

Flow

Section

HS2

HS4

Scale

Log

Linear

Year

This chart compares trade between Spain and Netherlands by product, considering products traded by both, Spain and Netherlands.

During 2023, Spain had a large net trade with Netherlands in the exports of Chemical Products ($1.85B), Vegetable Products ($1.75B), and Mineral Products ($1.66B).

During 2018, Netherlands had a large net trade with Spain in the exports of Machines ($4.46B), Chemical Products ($3.91B), and Mineral Products ($1.57B).

Potential Exports

Depth

Section

HS2

HS4

View

Top 20

Top 15

Top 10

Sort By

Highest Potential

Most Saturated

Section

Top Product Potential Spain Netherlands+$271MCars

Top Product Potential Netherlands Spain+$256MRefined Petroleum

We estimate the export potential of an economy for each product and destination using an extension of the bilateral relatedness model of Jun et al. (2019).This extended gravity model considers similarities among products and geographies and explains more than 50% of the variance in future trade flows.

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Bilateral Service Trade

Nld Year

Esp Year

In 2020, Spain exported services to Netherlands worth $970M, with Travel ($970M) being the largest in terms of value.

Service trade data is presented based on availability.

Services Exports from Spain () to Netherlands () (2020)

Services Exports from Netherlands () to Spain () (2020)

Service Trade

Economic Complexity

Competitive Landscape

Year

This visualization shows the product space at the HS4 level with the flags of Spain and Netherlands. This means that a dot/product with the flag of Spain indicates it has a comparative advantage over Netherlands. Similarly, a dot/product with the flag of Netherlands indicates it has a comparative advantage over Spain.

Product Space of Spain () and Netherlands () (2023)

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