Germany (DEU) and Greece (GRC) Trade

2023

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Exports $8.94BRnk 34 / 220

2023

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Top Product $1.06BOxygen Heterocyclic Compounds

2023

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Exports $3.06BRnk 2 / 214

2023

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About

Germany-Greece Trade: In 2023, Germany exported $8.94B to Greece. The main products that Germany exported to Greece were Oxygen Heterocyclic Compounds ($1.06B), Cars ($1.01B), and Packaged Medicaments ($776M). Over the past 5 years the exports of Germany to Greece have increased at an annualized rate of 6.27%, from $6.6B in 2018 to $8.94B in 2023.

In 2020, Germany exported services to Greece worth $502M, with Transportation ($162M), Other business services ($153M), and Communications services ($75.4M) being the largest in terms of value.

Greece-Germany Trade: In 2023, Greece exported $3.06B to Germany. The main products that Greece exported to Germany were Packaged Medicaments ($365M), Cheese ($276M), and Aluminium Plating ($150M). Over the past 5 years the exports of Greece to Germany have increased at an annualized rate of 7.08%, from $2.17B in 2018 to $3.06B in 2023.

In 2020, Greece exported services to Germany worth $2.06B, with Travel ($1.3B), Transportation ($337M), and Other business services ($161M) being the largest in terms of value.

Comparison: In 2023, Germany ranked 5 in the Economic Complexity Index (ECI 1.79), and 3 in total exports ($1.57T). That same year, Greece ranked 46 in the Economic Complexity Index (ECI 0.4), and 56 in total exports ($53.3B).

Latest Trends

November, 2024

About

Overview In November 2024, Germany exported €800M and imported €242M from Greece, resulting in a positive trade balance of €558M. Between November 2023 and November 2024 the exports of Germany have decreased by €-63.9M (-7.39%) from €864M to €800M, while imports decreased by €-12.2M (-4.78%) from €254M to €242M.

Trade In November 2024, the top exports of Germany to Greece were Pharmaceutical products (€79.4M), Basic pharmaceutical products (€72.7M), Motor cars and motor caravans (€42M), Telecommunication devices and apparatus (€41.6M), and Engines (excl. for tractor,aircraft, road vehicle) (€34.4M). In November 2024 the top imports of Germany from Greece were Pharmaceutical products (€32.6M), Estimations for non-response (€24.7M), Semi-finished products of aluminium (€19.2M), Machinery for electricity production, distribution (€18.6M), and Cheese (€15.5M).

Origins In November 2024 the exports of Germany were mainly from Rhineland-Pfalz (€149M), North Rhine-Westphalia (€90.2M), Bavaria (€87.2M), Baden-Württemberg (€68.6M), and Lower Saxony (€50M), while imports destinations were mainly Bavaria (€58.2M), Baden-Württemberg (€37.8M), North Rhine-Westphalia (€34M), and Rhineland-Pfalz (€16M).

Growth In November 2024, the decrease in Germany's year-by-year exports to Greece was explained primarily by an decrease in product exports in Basic pharmaceutical products (€-28M or -27.8%), Pharmaceutical products (€-8.75M or -9.92%), and Fertilizers (€-7.28M or -91.8%). In November 2024, the decrease in Germany's year-by-year imports from Greece was explained primarily by an decrease in product imports in Pharmaceutical products (€-19.9M or -37.9%), Other raw materials inclusive waste (€-8.54M or -95.6%), and Aluminium and aluminium alloys, incl. waste,... (€-2.5M or -72%).

Latest Trade

Time Scale

Year

Quarter

Month

Flow

Exports

Imports

Value

Trade Value

Growth

Growth (%)

EXPORT GROWTH (November 2023 - November 2024)€-63.9M(-7.39%)

IMPORT GROWTH (November 2023 - November 2024)€-12.2M(-4.78%)

MAIN EXPORTER (November 2024)Rhineland-Pfalz€149M

This section shows exports and imports data at subnational level for Germany. Click any date in the line plot, any subnational region in the geomap or any product to explore the exports or imports behavior of Germany over time.

To check Greece and Germany trade dynamics, check the bilateral page.

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Historical Data

Bilateral Trade by Products

Depth

HS2

HS4

HS6

Value

Trade

Growth

Growth (%)

Year

In 2023, Germany exported $8.94B to Greece. The main products exported from Germany to Greece were Oxygen Heterocyclic Compounds ($1.06B), Cars ($1.01B), and Packaged Medicaments ($776M). During the last 5 years the exports of Germany to Greece have increased at an annualized rate of 6.27%, from $6.6B in 2018 to $8.94B in 2023.

In 2018, Greece exported $3.06B to Germany. The main products exported from Greece to Germany were Packaged Medicaments ($365M), Cheese ($276M), and Aluminium Plating ($150M). During the last 5 years the exports of Greece to Germany have increased at an annualized rate of 7.08%, from $2.17B in 2023 to $3.06B in 2018.

Exports from Germany () to Greece () (2023)

Exports from Greece () to Germany () (2023)

Market Competitiveness

Color

Exports

Export Growth

Section

Year

Germany
Top DestinationUnited States$157B

Greece
Top DestinationItaly$6.21B

This map shows whether countries import more from Germany or Greece. Each country is colored based on the difference in imports they receive from Germany and Greece or the difference in the growth in imports.

In 2023, countries that imported more from Germany than Greece included United States ($157B), France ($118B), and Netherlands ($108B).

In 2023, countries that imported more from Greece than Germany included Cyprus ($3.03B), Gibraltar ($1.25B), and Lebanon ($1.78B).

Difference in imports from Greece () and Germany () (2023)

Comparative Advantage Germany - Greece

Flow

Section

HS2

HS4

Scale

Log

Linear

Year

This chart compares trade between Germany and Greece by product, considering products traded by both, Germany and Greece.

During 2023, Germany had a large net trade with Greece in the exports of Chemical Products ($2.79B), Machines ($1.64B), and Transportation ($1.43B).

During 2018, Greece had a large net trade with Germany in the exports of Chemical Products ($506M), Metals ($504M), and Foodstuffs ($497M).

Potential Exports

Depth

Section

HS2

HS4

View

Top 20

Top 15

Top 10

Sort By

Highest Potential

Most Saturated

Section

Top Product Potential Germany Greece+$109MCars

Top Product Potential Greece Germany+$194MRefined Petroleum

We estimate the export potential of an economy for each product and destination using an extension of the bilateral relatedness model of Jun et al. (2019).This extended gravity model considers similarities among products and geographies and explains more than 50% of the variance in future trade flows.

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Bilateral Service Trade

Grc Year

Deu Year

In 2020, Germany exported services to Greece worth $502M, with Transportation ($162M), Other business services ($153M), and Communications services ($75.4M) being the largest in terms of value.

In 2020, Greece exported services to Germany worth $2.06B, with Travel ($1.3B), Transportation ($337M), and Other business services ($161M) being the largest in terms of value.

Service trade data is presented based on availability.

Services Exports from Germany () to Greece () (2020)

Services Exports from Greece () to Germany () (2020)

Service Trade

Economic Complexity

Competitive Landscape

Year

This visualization shows the product space at the HS4 level with the flags of Germany and Greece. This means that a dot/product with the flag of Germany indicates it has a comparative advantage over Greece. Similarly, a dot/product with the flag of Greece indicates it has a comparative advantage over Germany.

Product Space of Germany () and Greece () (2023)

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