About

Overview In 2023, Australia was the number 13 economy in the world in terms of GDP (current US$), the number 20 in total exports, the number 22 in total imports, the number 16 economy in terms of GDP per capita (current US$) and the number 75 most complex economy according to the Economic Complexity Index (ECI) .

Exports The top exports of Australia are Iron Ore ($85.4B), Coal Briquettes ($71.7B), Petroleum Gas ($47.8B), Gold ($29B), and Other Mineral ($12.1B), exporting mostly to China ($137B), Japan ($59B), South Korea ($20.9B), India ($19.9B), and Chinese Taipei ($17.4B).

In 2023, Australia was the world's biggest exporter of Iron Ore ($85.4B), Coal Briquettes ($71.7B), Other Mineral ($12.1B), Aluminium Oxide ($5.29B), and Sheep and Goat Meat ($3.26B)

Imports The top imports of Australia are Refined Petroleum ($35.3B), Cars ($24.8B), Delivery Trucks ($11.3B), Broadcasting Equipment ($8.58B), and Computers ($6.38B), importing mostly from China ($72.3B), United States ($31.9B), South Korea ($18.1B), Japan ($17.7B), and Thailand ($13.5B).

In 2023, Australia was the world's biggest importer of Sodium or Potassium Peroxides ($1.14B)

Location Australia borders Timor-Leste, Indonesia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, and New Caledonia by sea.

Latest Trends

November, 2024

Historical Data

Yearly Trade

Flow
Color
Depth
Top Export (2023)Iron Ore$85.4B
Top Destination (2023)China$137B

In 2023, Australia exported a total of $374B, making it the number 20 exporter in the world. During the last five reported years the exports of Australia have changed by $98.7B from $275B in 2018 to $374B in 2023.

The most recent exports are led by Iron Ore ($85.4B), Coal Briquettes ($71.7B), Petroleum Gas ($47.8B), Gold ($29B), and Other Mineral ($12.1B). The most common destination for the exports of Australia are China ($137B), Japan ($59B), South Korea ($20.9B), India ($19.9B), and Chinese Taipei ($17.4B).

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Exportaciones (2023)
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Destinos (2023)
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Market Growth

Flow
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Growth
Fastest Growing Export Markets (2022 - 2023)
Switzerland$2.37B (+ 70.9%)
Hong Kong$2.09B (+ 36.7%)
United Kingdom$1.83B (+ 68.1%)
Fastest Growing Import Markets (2022 - 2023)
United States$1.14B (+ 3.69%)
Germany$1B (+ 8.37%)
Thailand$675M (+ 5.28%)

Crecimiento de exportaciones según mercado (2022 - 2023)

Potential Exports

Potential Exports

Type
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Depth
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Service Trade

Service Trade

Australia Exports Services (2020)$46.1B
Australia Imports Services (2020)$35B

In 2020, Australia exported $46.1B worth of services. The top services exported by Australia in 2020 were Personal travel ($25.3B), Miscellaneous business, professional, and technical services ($7.06B), Transportation ($3.23B), Financial services ($3.21B), and Other personal, cultural, and recreational services ($3.11B).

The top services imported by Australia in 2020 were Miscellaneous business, professional, and technical services ($9.82B), Transportation ($9.11B), Personal travel ($6.05B), Financial services ($2.01B), and Other royalties and license fees ($1.69B).

Exportación de Servicios (2020)

Importación de Servicios (2020)

Economic Complexity

Overview

Complejidad Económica (Comercio)-0,28Ranking 75 de 132
Complejidad Económica (Tecnología)1.11Ranking 13 de 96
Complejidad Económica (Investigación)2.11Ranking 5 de 140

Most Specialized Products by RCA Index

Australia has a high level of specialization in Other Mineral (45.8), Wool (39.6), Iron Ore (31.9), Sheep and Goat Meat (23.2), and Coal Briquettes (20.8). Specialization is measured using RCA, an index that takes the ratio between Australia observed and expected exports in each product.

Most Complex Products by PCI

The highest complexity exports of Australia according to the product complexity index (PCI) are Nickel; bars, rods, profiles and wire (1.15), Orthopaedic appliances; including crutches, surgical belts and trusses; splints and other fracture... (1.12), Signalling, safety or traffic control equipment; for railways, tramways, roads, inland waterways,... (0.83), Explosives; propellent powders (0.78), and Firearms; parts and accessories of articles of heading no. 9301 to 9304 (0.74). PCI measures the knowledge intensity of a product by considering the knowledge intensity of its exporters.

Export Opportunities by Relatedness

The top export opportunities for Australia according to the relatedness index, were Asbestos (0.17), Cobalt Oxides and Hydroxides (0.17), Soybeans (0.16), Mate (0.16), and Crude Petroleum (0.15). Relatedness measures the distance between a country's current exports and each product. The barchart show only products that Australia is not specialized in.

Product Space

The product space is a network connecting products that are likely to be co-exported. The product space can be used to predict future exports, since countries are more likely to start exporting products that are related to current exports. Relatedness measures the distance between a product, and all of the products a country currently specializes in.

Relatedness Space

This network shows the products most related to the production structure of Australia. These are products that tend to be co-exported with the products that Australia exports. Higher relatedness values ​​indicate greater knowledge, which predicts a greater probability of exporting that product in the future.

Espacio de la Afinidad (2023

Diversification Frontier

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Depth

The Complexity-Relatedness diagram compares the risk vs strategic value of a country's potential export oppotunities. Relatedness is predictive of the probability that a country increases its exports in a product. Complexity, is associated with higher levels of income, economic growth, less income inequality, and lower greenhouse emissions.

Frontera de la Diversificación

Economic Complexity Ranking

Methodology
Scale

During the last 20 years Australia's⁩ ⁨economy has become relatively less complex, moving from the ⁩⁨38th to the 75th⁩ position in the ECI rank.

These economic complexity rankings use 6 digit exports classified according to the HS96 classification. We consider only countries with population of at least 1 million and exports of at least $1 billion, and products with world trade over $500 million. To explore different rankings and vary these parameters visit the custom rankings section.

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Clasificación de ECI (Trade) por País

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