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2023
Economic Complexity
Trade -0.33Rank 78 of 132
2021
Economic Complexity
Technology -1.01Rank 76 of 96
2022
Economic Complexity
Research 0.13Rank 50 of 140
2023
Product
Exports | Imports $118B | $36.3B36 of 226 |  67 of 226
2023
Per Capita Product
Exports | Imports $44.4k | $13.7k4 of 220 |  63 of 220

About

Overview In 2023, Qatar was the number 55 economy in the world in terms of GDP (current US$), the number 36 in total exports, the number 67 in total imports, the number 10 economy in terms of GDP per capita (current US$) and the number 78 most complex economy according to the Economic Complexity Index (ECI) .

Exports The top exports of Qatar are Petroleum Gas ($71.1B), Crude Petroleum ($19.7B), Refined Petroleum ($14.9B), Ethylene Polymers ($2.17B), and Nitrogenous Fertilizers ($1.82B), exporting mostly to China ($20.9B), India ($12.9B), South Korea ($12.1B), Japan ($8.65B), and Pakistan ($6.52B).

Imports The top imports of Qatar are Gas Turbines ($2.6B), Cars ($1.88B), Planes, Helicopters, and/or Spacecraft ($1.74B), Aircraft parts (gliders, balloons, and powered aircraft) ($1.01B), and Broadcasting Equipment ($925M), importing mostly from United States ($4.44B), China ($4.42B), United Arab Emirates ($3.36B), United Kingdom ($2.36B), and India ($1.82B).

Location Qatar borders Saudi Arabia by land and Bahrain, Iran, and United Arab Emirates by sea.

Latest Trends

Latest Trade

Flow
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Y-AXIS SCALE

The following section uses the most recent trade data from partners of Qatar.

Disclaimer: data is presented based on availability and only countries that use the harmonized system are being shown.

* Trade values are converted to USD using each month's exchange rate. For December 2023 data, the exchange rate from December 30, 2023 is used.

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Latest Data

Flow
Color
Depth

The data obtained is mirror data. The trade of countries that do not report current data can be reconstructed based on data reported by partner countries with current data available.

*All data is converted to USD using January 2020 exchange rates when data is reported in local currency.

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Historical Data

Yearly Trade

Flow
Color
Depth
Top Export (2023)Petroleum Gas$71.1B
Top Destination (2023)China$20.9B

In 2023, Qatar exported a total of $118B, making it the number 36 exporter in the world. During the last five reported years the exports of Qatar have changed by $34.2B from $83.7B in 2018 to $118B in 2023.

The most recent exports are led by Petroleum Gas ($71.1B), Crude Petroleum ($19.7B), Refined Petroleum ($14.9B), Ethylene Polymers ($2.17B), and Nitrogenous Fertilizers ($1.82B). The most common destination for the exports of Qatar are China ($20.9B), India ($12.9B), South Korea ($12.1B), Japan ($8.65B), and Pakistan ($6.52B).

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Exports (2023)
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Destinations (2023)
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Market Growth

Flow
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Growth
Fastest Growing Export Markets (2022 - 2023)
Pakistan$2.43B (+ 59.5%)
Netherlands$1.57B (+ 105%)
Kuwait$1.56B (+ 569%)
Fastest Growing Import Markets (2022 - 2023)
Saudi Arabia$631M (+ 152%)
United States$479M (+ 12.1%)
Indonesia$472M (+ 189%)

Total Export Growth by Market (2022 - 2023)

Potential Exports

Potential Exports

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Service Trade

Service Trade

Qatar Exports Services (2018)$18.3B
Qatar Imports Services (2018)$29.7B

In 2018, Qatar exported $18.3B worth of services. The top services exported by Qatar in 2018 were Transportation ($10.1B), Travel ($5.57B), Communications services ($782M), Insurance services ($711M), and Personal, cultural, and recreational services ($661M).

The top services imported by Qatar in 2018 were Transportation ($11.4B), Travel ($9.27B), Insurance services ($3.16B), Communications services ($2.41B), and Government services, n.i.e. ($1.77B).

Service Exports (2018)

Service Imports (2018)

Economic Complexity

Overview

Economic Complexity (Trade)-0.33Rank 78 of 132
Economic Complexity (Technology)-1.01Rank 76 of 96
Economic Complexity (Research)0.13Rank 50 of 140

Most Specialized Products by RCA Index

Qatar has a high level of specialization in Sulphur (24.6), Petroleum Gas (24.1), Hydrogen (13.2), Alkylbenzenes and Alkylnaphthalenes (11.4), and Nitrogenous Fertilizers (8.92). Specialization is measured using RCA, an index that takes the ratio between Qatar observed and expected exports in each product.

Most Complex Products by PCI

The highest complexity exports of Qatar according to the product complexity index (PCI) are Halogenated derivatives of hydrocarbons (0.87), Acyclic hydrocarbons (0.55), Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda); potassium hydroxide (caustic potash) peroxides of sodium or... (0.39), Hydrogen, rare gases and other non-metals (-0.072), and Polymers of ethylene, in primary forms (-0.1). PCI measures the knowledge intensity of a product by considering the knowledge intensity of its exporters.

Export Opportunities by Relatedness

The top export opportunities for Qatar according to the relatedness index, were Typewriters (0.06), Cyclic Hydrocarbons (0.041), Copra (0.041), Iron Ore (0.039), and Semi-Finished Iron (0.038). Relatedness measures the distance between a country's current exports and each product. The barchart show only products that Qatar is not specialized in.

Product Space

The product space is a network connecting products that are likely to be co-exported. The product space can be used to predict future exports, since countries are more likely to start exporting products that are related to current exports. Relatedness measures the distance between a product, and all of the products a country currently specializes in.

Relatedness Space

This network shows the products most related to the production structure of Qatar. These are products that tend to be co-exported with the products that Qatar exports. Higher relatedness values ​​indicate greater knowledge, which predicts a greater probability of exporting that product in the future.

Relatedness Space (2023)

Diversification Frontier

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Depth

The Complexity-Relatedness diagram compares the risk vs strategic value of a country's potential export oppotunities. Relatedness is predictive of the probability that a country increases its exports in a product. Complexity, is associated with higher levels of income, economic growth, less income inequality, and lower greenhouse emissions.

Diversification Frontier

Economic Complexity Ranking

Methodology
Scale

During the last 20 years Qatar's⁩ ⁨economy has become relatively more complex, moving from the ⁩⁨80th to the 78th⁩ position in the ECI rank.

These economic complexity rankings use 6 digit exports classified according to the HS96 classification. We consider only countries with population of at least 1 million and exports of at least $1 billion, and products with world trade over $500 million. To explore different rankings and vary these parameters visit the custom rankings section.

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ECI (Trade) Ranking by Country

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