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2022
Economic Complexity
Trade 0.0038Rank 65 of 133
2021
Economic Complexity
Technology -0.34Rank 60 of 96
2022
Economic Complexity
Research -0.52Rank 87 of 135
2022
Product
Exports | Imports $4.94B | $9.41B124 of 226 |  117 of 226
2022
Per Capita Product
Exports | Imports $1.9k | $3.63k95 of 220 |  92 of 220

About

Overview In 2022, Moldova was the number 133 economy in the world in terms of GDP (current US$), the number 124 in total exports, the number 117 in total imports, the number 106 economy in terms of GDP per capita (current US$) and the number 65 most complex economy according to the Economic Complexity Index (ECI) .

Exports The top exports of Moldova are Refined Petroleum ($564M), Insulated Wire ($511M), Seed Oils ($392M), Corn ($350M), and Sunflower Seeds ($341M), exporting mostly to Romania ($1.35B), Ukraine ($729M), Italy ($352M), Turkey ($309M), and Germany ($267M).

Imports The top imports of Moldova are Refined Petroleum ($1.45B), Petroleum Gas ($789M), Cars ($396M), Insulated Wire ($238M), and Packaged Medicaments ($230M), importing mostly from Romania ($2.14B), Russia ($1.03B), Ukraine ($929M), China ($754M), and Turkey ($704M).

Location Moldova borders Romania and Ukraine by land.

Latest Trends

Latest Trade

Flow
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Y-AXIS SCALE

The following section uses the most recent trade data from partners of Moldova.

Disclaimer: data is presented based on availability and only countries that use the harmonized system are being shown.

* Trade values are converted to USD using each month's exchange rate. For December 2023 data, the exchange rate from December 30, 2023 is used.

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Latest Data

Flow
Color
Depth

The data obtained is mirror data. The trade of countries that do not report current data can be reconstructed based on data reported by partner countries with current data available.

*All data is converted to USD using January 2020 exchange rates when data is reported in local currency.

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Historical Data

Yearly Trade

Flow
Color
Depth
Top Export (2022)Refined Petroleum$564M
Top Destination (2022)Romania$1.35B

In 2022, Moldova exported a total of $4.94B, making it the number 124 exporter in the world. During the last five reported years the exports of Moldova have changed by $1.92B from $3.02B in 2017 to $4.94B in 2022.

The most recent exports are led by Refined Petroleum ($564M), Insulated Wire ($511M), Seed Oils ($392M), Corn ($350M), and Sunflower Seeds ($341M). The most common destination for the exports of Moldova are Romania ($1.35B), Ukraine ($729M), Italy ($352M), Turkey ($309M), and Germany ($267M).

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Exports (2022)
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Destinations (2022)
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Market Growth

Flow
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Growth
Fastest Growing Export Markets (2021 - 2022)
Ukraine$596M (+ 450%)
Romania$434M (+ 47.2%)
Italy$80.4M (+ 29.6%)
Fastest Growing Import Markets (2021 - 2022)
Romania$803M (+ 60.1%)
Turkey$214M (+ 43.7%)
India$113M (+ 269%)

Total Export Growth by Market (2021 - 2022)

Potential Exports

Potential Exports

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Service Trade

Service Trade

Moldova Exports Services (2018)$1.07B
Moldova Imports Services (2018)$1.1B

In 2018, Moldova exported $1.07B worth of services. The top services exported by Moldova in 2018 were Personal travel ($259M), Other transport ($233M), Air transport ($181M), Miscellaneous business, professional, and technical services ($126M), and Business travel ($122M).

The top services imported by Moldova in 2018 were Other transport ($224M), Personal travel ($216M), Miscellaneous business, professional, and technical services ($153M), Business travel ($137M), and Air transport ($136M).

Service Exports (2018)

Service Imports (2018)

Economic Complexity

Overview

Economic Complexity (Trade)0.0038Rank 65 of 133
Economic Complexity (Technology)-0.34Rank 60 of 96
Economic Complexity (Research)-0.52Rank 87 of 135

Most Specialized Products by RCA Index

Moldova has a high level of specialization in Sunflower Seeds (240), Seed Oils (87.1), Gypsum (48.7), Apples and Pears (45.9), and Dried Fruits (32.9). Specialization is measured using RCA, an index that takes the ratio between Moldova observed and expected exports in each product.

Most Complex Products by PCI

The highest complexity exports of Moldova according to the product complexity index (PCI) are Reagents; diagnostic or laboratory reagents on a backing and prepared diagnostic or... (1.45), Machines and appliances for testing the hardness, strength, compressibility, elasticity of other... (1.37), Textile fabrics impregnated, coated, covered or laminated with plastics, other than those... (1.28), Iron or steel; articles, n.e.c. in chapter 73 (0.79), and Alcohols; cyclic, and their halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives (0.74). PCI measures the knowledge intensity of a product by considering the knowledge intensity of its exporters.

Export Opportunities by Relatedness

The top export opportunities for Moldova according to the relatedness index, were Non-Knit Men's Shirts (0.22), Knit Men's Undergarments (0.22), Non-Knit Men's Undergarments (0.22), Locust beans, seaweed, sugar beet, cane, for food (0.22), and Other Vegetables (0.21). Relatedness measures the distance between a country's current exports and each product. The barchart show only products that Moldova is not specialized in.

Product Space

The product space is a network connecting products that are likely to be co-exported. The product space can be used to predict future exports, since countries are more likely to start exporting products that are related to current exports. Relatedness measures the distance between a product, and all of the products a country currently specializes in.

Relatedness Space

This network shows the products most related to the production structure of Moldova. These are products that tend to be co-exported with the products that Moldova exports. Higher relatedness values ​​indicate greater knowledge, which predicts a greater probability of exporting that product in the future.

Relatedness Space (2022)

Diversification Frontier

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Depth

The Complexity-Relatedness diagram compares the risk vs strategic value of a country's potential export oppotunities. Relatedness is predictive of the probability that a country increases its exports in a product. Complexity, is associated with higher levels of income, economic growth, less income inequality, and lower greenhouse emissions.

Diversification Frontier

Economic Complexity Ranking

Methodology
Scale

During the last 20 years Moldova's⁩ ⁨economy has become relatively less complex, moving from the ⁩⁨nullth to the 65th⁩ position in the ECI rank.

These economic complexity rankings use 6 digit exports classified according to the HS96 classification. We consider only countries with population of at least 1 million and exports of at least $1 billion, and products with world trade over $500 million. To explore different rankings and vary these parameters visit the custom rankings section.

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ECI (Trade) Ranking by Country

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