Catalonia | The Observatory of Economic Complexity

Catalonia

Autonomous Community in Spain

2023
Economic
Complexity 0.06Rank 5 of 18

Nov 2024
Trade
Exports | Imports €8.03B | €8.87B1 of 19 | 1 of 19

Nov 2024
Country
Destination | Origin France | Germany €1.16B | €1.22B

Image 1

Image by Teresa Grau Ros
Link: https://flic.kr/p/SSc9bL

Latest Trends
Historical Data
Economic Complexity

About

Overview This page contains the latest international trade data for Catalonia. In November 2024 Catalonia was the number 1 in total exports and the number 1 in total imports in Spain.

Exports In 2023, Spain's Catalonia exported €94.9B, making it the 1st largest exporter out of the 18 exporters in Spain. In 2023 the top exports of Catalonia were Medicaments in Dosage (n.e.s.) (€5.2B), Micro Cars (€3.21B), Light petroleum distillates nes (€2.37B), Perfumes and toilet waters (€2.29B), and Other Motor Vehicle Components (€2.16B).

Imports In 2023, Spain's Catalonia imported €112B, making it the 1st largest importer out of the 18 importers in Spain. In 2023 top imports of Catalonia were Crude Petroleum Oils (€4.32B), Light petroleum distillates nes (€3.68B), Electric motor Vehicles (€3.53B), Medicaments in Dosage (n.e.s.) (€2.61B), and Small Sized Cars (€2B).

Economic Complexity In 2023, the highest complexity exports of Catalonia according to the product complexity index (PCI) are Hydrazine or Hydroxylamine Derivatives (1.29), Carboxyimide Compounds (1.19), Nitrogen Heterocyclic Compounds (1.1), Scent Sprays (1.09), Antibiotics (1.04), Laboratory Reagents (0.85), Pig Meat (0.7), Spring, Air, and Gas Guns (0.67), Glands and Other Organs (0.6), and Felt (0.55). PCI measures the knowledge intensity of a product by considering the knowledge intensity of its exporters.

Latest Trends

November, 2024

About

Overview In November 2024 Catalonia exported €8.03B and imported €8.87B, resulting in a negative trade balance of €838M. Between November 2023 and November 2024 the exports of Catalonia have decreased by $-775M (-8.8%) from €8.81B to €8.03B, while imports decreased by €-536M (-5.7%) from €9.41B to €8.87B.

Trade In November 2024, the top exports of Catalonia were Cars (€970M), Packaged Medicaments (€451M), Perfumes (€290M), Nitrogen Heterocyclic Compounds (€266M), and Pig Meat (€262M). In November 2024 the top imports of Catalonia were Cars (€710M), Crude Petroleum (€429M), Refined Petroleum (€294M), Motor vehicles; parts and accessories (8701... (€226M), and Packaged Medicaments (€214M).

Destinations In November 2024, Catalonia exported mostly to France (€1.16B), Germany (€940M), Italy (€706M), Portugal (€520M), and United Kingdom (€376M), and imported mostly from Germany (€1.22B), China (€977M), Italy (€797M), France (€730M), and Netherlands (€463M).

Growth In November 2024, the decrease in Catalonia's year-by-year exports was explained primarily by an decrease in exports to France (€-409M or -26.1%), Switzerland (€-95.9M or -27.2%), and Italy (€-68.6M or -8.85%), and product exports decrease in Cars (€-266M or -21.5%), Refined Petroleum (€-108M or -39.9%), and Packaged Medicaments (€-67.7M or -13.1%). In November 2024, the decrease in Catalonia's year-by-year imports was explained primarily by an decrease in imports from China (€-245M or -20.1%), Rest of the world (€-154M or -47.2%), and Angola (€-143M or -100%), and product imports decrease in Cars (€-206M or -22.4%), Sulfonamides (€-94.4M or -50.9%), and Refined Petroleum (€-75.6M or -20.4%).

Latest Data

Time Scale

Year

Quarter

Month

Flow

Exports

Imports

Color

Trade Value

Growth

Growth (%)

Depth

HS2

HS4

Product

EXPORT GROWTH (November 2023 - November 2024)€-775M(-8.8%)

IMPORT GROWTH (November 2023 - November 2024)€-536M(-5.7%)

This section shows exports and imports data at subnational level for Catalonia. Click any date in the line plot, any subnational region in the geomap, or any product, destination or origin country to explore the exports or imports behavior of Catalonia over time.

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Historical Data

Yearly Exports

Color

Trade Value

Growth

Growth (%)

Depth

HS2

HS4

HS6

Year

Top Destination (2023)France€17.7B

Top Product (2023)Medicaments in Dosage (n.e.s.)€5.2B

In 2023 the top export destinations of Catalonia were France (€17.7B), Germany (€10.4B), Italy (€9.42B), Portugal (€6.28B), and United Kingdom (€4.58B).

In 2023 the top exports of Catalonia were Medicaments in Dosage (n.e.s.) (€5.2B), Micro Cars (€3.21B), Light petroleum distillates nes (€2.37B), Perfumes and toilet waters (€2.29B), and Other Motor Vehicle Components (€2.16B).

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Exports Dynamics

Starting Date

Ending Date

Fastest Growing Exports Destination (Nov 2023 - Nov 2024)

Panama €122M (107%)

Israel €31.7M (115%)

United States €27.7M (8.9%)

Rapidly Declining Export Origins (Nov 2023 - Nov 2024)

France -€409M (-26.1%)

Switzerland -€95.9M (-27.2%)

Italy -€68.6M (-8.85%)

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Yearly Imports

Color

Trade Value

Growth

Growth (%)

Depth

HS2

HS4

HS6

Year

Top Origin (2023)Germany€15B

Top Import (2023)Crude Petroleum Oils€4.32B

In 2023 the top import origins of Catalonia were Germany (€15B), China (€14.1B), France (€9.66B), Italy (€9.05B), and United States (€5B).

In 2023 the top imports of Catalonia were Crude Petroleum Oils (€4.32B), Light petroleum distillates nes (€3.68B), Electric motor Vehicles (€3.53B), Medicaments in Dosage (n.e.s.) (€2.61B), and Small Sized Cars (€2B).

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Imports Dynamics

Starting Date

Ending Date

Fastest Growing Import Origins (Nov 2023 - Nov 2024)

Kazakhstan €149M (116k%)

United States €144M (47.5%)

Brazil €95.3M (103%)

Rapidly Declining Import Origins (Nov 2023 - Nov 2024)

China -€245M (-20.1%)

Angola -€143M (-100%)

Germany -€120M (-8.98%)

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Economic Complexity

Economic Complexity of Catalonia

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Geomap

Treemap

Economic Complexity (2023)0.06

Catalonia ranks 5th out of the 18 autonomous communities in Spain according to ECI.

The Economic Complexity Index, or ECI, is a measure of an economy’s capacity which can be inferred from data connecting locations to the activities that are present in them. For more info about Economic Complexity, visit the Economic Complexity page.

Estimated using exports data.

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Economic Complexity Ranking

Value

Ranking

Value

The economic complexity of a territory can change year to year. Catalonia it is in position 5th considering its ECI in the last year.

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Export Opportunities by Relatedness

The top export opportunities according to the relatedness level, without considering those products were Catalonia already has a comparative advantage, are led by Toilet Paper (0.47), Tomatoes (0.46), Frozen Vegetables (0.46), Pickled Foods (0.46), and Small Iron Containers (0.46).

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Most Complex Products by PCI

The highest complexity exports of Catalonia according to the product complexity index (PCI) are Hydrazine or Hydroxylamine Derivatives (1.29), Carboxyimide Compounds (1.19), Nitrogen Heterocyclic Compounds (1.1), Scent Sprays (1.09), Antibiotics (1.04), Laboratory Reagents (0.85), Pig Meat (0.7), Spring, Air, and Gas Guns (0.67), Glands and Other Organs (0.6), and Felt (0.55). PCI measures the knowledge intensity of a product by considering the knowledge intensity of its exporters.

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Most Specialized Products by RCA Index

The most specialized products according to the RCA index are led by Leather of Other Animals (36.42), Perfumes (22.52), Animal Fat (21.70), Agglomerated Cork (20.47), and Pig Meat (20.26).

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Product Space

RCA Filter

The product space is a network connecting products that are likely to be co-exported. The product space can be used to predict future exports, since Catalonia is more likely to start exporting products that are related to current exports. Relatedness measures the distance between a product, and all of the products it is currently specialized in.

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Relatedness Space

This network shows the products most related to the production structure of Catalonia. These are products that tend to be co-exported with the products that Catalonia exports. Higher relatedness values indicate greater knowledge, which predicts a greater probability of exporting that product in the future.

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Diversification Frontier

Depth

Section

HS2

HS4

Filter

All

RCA≤1

RCA>1

The Complexity-Relatedness diagram compares the risk and the strategic value of a territory's potential export oppotunities. Relatedness is a predictive of the probability that a country increases its exports in a product. Complexity, is associated with higher levels of income, economic growth, less income inequality, and lower emissions. Bubble size corresponds to exports value by year 2020.