Catalonia | The Observatory of Economic Complexity

Catalonia

Autonomous Community in Spain

2023
Economic
Complexity 0.068Rank 5 of 18

Jan 2024
Trade
Exports | Imports €7.67B | €8.65B1 of 19 | 1 of 19

Jan 2024
Country
Destination | Origin France | Germany €1.31B | €1.2B

Image 1

Image by Teresa Grau Ros
Link: https://flic.kr/p/SSc9bL

Latest Trends
Historical Data
Economic Complexity

About

Overview This page contains the latest international trade data for Catalonia. In January 2024 Catalonia was the number 1 in total exports and the number 1 in total imports in Spain.

Exports In 2023, Spain's Catalonia exported €94.9B, making it the 1st largest exporter out of the 18 exporters in Spain. In 2023 the top exports of Catalonia were Medicaments nes, in dosage (€5.2B), Micro Cars (€3.21B), Light petroleum distillates nes (€2.37B), Perfumes and toilet waters (€2.29B), and Other Motor vehicle parts (€2.16B).

Imports In 2023, Spain's Catalonia imported €112B, making it the 1st largest importer out of the 18 importers in Spain. In 2023 top imports of Catalonia were Petroleum oils, oils from bituminous minerals,... (€4.32B), Light petroleum distillates nes (€3.68B), Electric motor Vehicles (€3.53B), Medicaments nes, in dosage (€2.61B), and Small Sized Cars (€2B).

Economic Complexity In 2023, the highest complexity exports of Catalonia according to the product complexity index (PCI) are Scent Sprays (1.36), Carboxyimide Compounds (1.25), Amino-resins (1.21), Hydrazine or Hydroxylamine Derivatives (0.93), Antibiotics (0.92), Nitrogen Heterocyclic Compounds (0.85), Pig Meat (0.66), Glands and Other Organs (0.66), Quaternary Ammonium Salts and Hydroxides (0.65), and Spring, Air, and Gas Guns (0.6). PCI measures the knowledge intensity of a product by considering the knowledge intensity of its exporters.

Latest Trends

January, 2024

About

Overview In January 2024 Catalonia exported €7.67B and imported €8.65B, resulting in a negative trade balance of €975M. Between January 2023 and January 2024 the exports of Catalonia have decreased by $-247M (-3.12%) from €7.92B to €7.67B, while imports decreased by €-729M (-7.77%) from €9.37B to €8.65B.

Trade In January 2024, the top exports of Catalonia were Cars (€860M), Packaged Medicaments (€509M), Pig Meat (€266M), Perfumes (€238M), and Motor vehicles; parts and accessories (8701... (€224M). In January 2024 the top imports of Catalonia were Cars (€845M), Crude Petroleum (€392M), Packaged Medicaments (€258M), Motor vehicles; parts and accessories (8701... (€246M), and Refined Petroleum (€214M).

Destinations In January 2024, Catalonia exported mostly to France (€1.31B), Germany (€881M), Italy (€776M), Portugal (€517M), and United Kingdom (€376M), and imported mostly from Germany (€1.2B), China (€1.06B), France (€744M), Italy (€685M), and United States (€556M).

Growth In January 2024, the decrease in Catalonia's year-by-year exports was explained primarily by an decrease in exports to Algeria (€-56.8M or -95.4%), Russia (€-24M or -49.4%), and Libya (€-17.6M or -68.2%), and product exports decrease in Commodities not elsewhere specified (€-46.3M or -38.6%), Packaged Medicaments (€-33.2M or -7.24%), and Styrene Polymers (€-26.2M or -53.8%). In January 2024, the decrease in Catalonia's year-by-year imports was explained primarily by an decrease in imports from Equatorial Guinea (€-64.4M or -99.9%), Rest of the world (€-48.9M or -19.1%), and Russia (€-43.6M or -65.1%), and product imports decrease in Laboratory Reagents (€-52.1M or -56.3%), Coated Flat-Rolled Iron (€-30.7M or -45.9%), and Nitrogen Heterocyclic Compounds (€-28.4M or -15.6%).

Latest Data

Time Scale

Year

Quarter

Month

Flow

Exports

Imports

Color

Trade Value

Growth

Growth (%)

Depth

HS2

HS4

Product

EXPORT GROWTH (January 2023 - January 2024)€-247M(-3.12%)

IMPORT GROWTH (January 2023 - January 2024)€-729M(-7.77%)

This section shows exports and imports data at subnational level for Catalonia. Click any date in the line plot, any subnational region in the geomap, or any product, destination or origin country to explore the exports or imports behavior of Catalonia over time.

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Historical Data

Yearly Exports

Color

Trade Value

Growth

Growth (%)

Depth

HS2

HS4

HS6

Year

Top Destination (2023)France€17.7B

Top Product (2023)Medicaments nes, in dosage€5.2B

In 2023 the top export destinations of Catalonia were France (€17.7B), Germany (€10.4B), Italy (€9.42B), Portugal (€6.28B), and United Kingdom (€4.58B).

In 2023 the top exports of Catalonia were Medicaments nes, in dosage (€5.2B), Micro Cars (€3.21B), Light petroleum distillates nes (€2.37B), Perfumes and toilet waters (€2.29B), and Other Motor vehicle parts (€2.16B).

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Exports Dynamics

Starting Date

Ending Date

Fastest Growing Exports Destination (Jan 2023 - Jan 2024)

Germany €110M (14.3%)

United Kingdom €106M (39.1%)

Mexico €54.5M (43.6%)

Rapidly Declining Export Origins (Jan 2023 - Jan 2024)

Italy -€181M (-18.9%)

Panama -€128M (-90.6%)

France -€92M (-6.58%)

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Yearly Imports

Color

Trade Value

Growth

Growth (%)

Depth

HS2

HS4

HS6

Year

Top Origin (2023)Germany€15B

Top Import (2023)Petroleum oils, oils from bituminous minerals,...€4.32B

In 2023 the top import origins of Catalonia were Germany (€15B), China (€14.1B), France (€9.66B), Italy (€9.05B), and United States (€5B).

In 2023 the top imports of Catalonia were Petroleum oils, oils from bituminous minerals,... (€4.32B), Light petroleum distillates nes (€3.68B), Electric motor Vehicles (€3.53B), Medicaments nes, in dosage (€2.61B), and Small Sized Cars (€2B).

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Imports Dynamics

Starting Date

Ending Date

Fastest Growing Import Origins (Jan 2023 - Jan 2024)

United States €163M (41.5%)

Angola €70M (3.11M%)

South Korea €68.3M (56.7%)

Rapidly Declining Import Origins (Jan 2023 - Jan 2024)

China -€324M (-23.4%)

Nigeria -€159M (-99.7%)

Brazil -€80.4M (-51.2%)

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Economic Complexity

Economic Complexity of Catalonia

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Geomap

Treemap

Economic Complexity (2023)0.068

Catalonia ranks 5th out of the 18 autonomous communities in Spain according to ECI.

The Economic Complexity Index, or ECI, is a measure of an economy’s capacity which can be inferred from data connecting locations to the activities that are present in them. For more info about Economic Complexity, visit the Economic Complexity page.

Estimated using exports data.

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Economic Complexity Ranking

Value

Ranking

Value

The economic complexity of a territory can change year to year. Catalonia it is in position 5th considering its ECI in the last year.

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Export Opportunities by Relatedness

The top export opportunities according to the relatedness level, without considering those products were Catalonia already has a comparative advantage, are led by Toilet Paper (0.45), Knit Men's Suits (0.44), Non-Knit Men's Undergarments (0.43), Frozen Vegetables (0.43), and Pickled Foods (0.43).

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Most Complex Products by PCI

The highest complexity exports of Catalonia according to the product complexity index (PCI) are Scent Sprays (1.36), Carboxyimide Compounds (1.25), Amino-resins (1.21), Hydrazine or Hydroxylamine Derivatives (0.93), Antibiotics (0.92), Nitrogen Heterocyclic Compounds (0.85), Pig Meat (0.66), Glands and Other Organs (0.66), Quaternary Ammonium Salts and Hydroxides (0.65), and Spring, Air, and Gas Guns (0.6). PCI measures the knowledge intensity of a product by considering the knowledge intensity of its exporters.

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Most Specialized Products by RCA Index

The most specialized products according to the RCA index are led by Leather of Other Animals (34.44), Perfumes (24.80), Animal Fat (19.82), Agglomerated Cork (18.81), and Pig Meat (18.51).

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Product Space

RCA Filter

The product space is a network connecting products that are likely to be co-exported. The product space can be used to predict future exports, since Catalonia is more likely to start exporting products that are related to current exports. Relatedness measures the distance between a product, and all of the products it is currently specialized in.

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Relatedness Space

This network shows the products most related to the production structure of Catalonia. These are products that tend to be co-exported with the products that Catalonia exports. Higher relatedness values indicate greater knowledge, which predicts a greater probability of exporting that product in the future.

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Diversification Frontier

Depth

Section

HS2

HS4

Filter

All

RCA≤1

RCA>1

The Complexity-Relatedness diagram compares the risk and the strategic value of a territory's potential export oppotunities. Relatedness is a predictive of the probability that a country increases its exports in a product. Complexity, is associated with higher levels of income, economic growth, less income inequality, and lower emissions. Bubble size corresponds to exports value by year 2020.