NEW: World Trade TARIFFS Simulator!
NEW: 2023 Data and Complexity Rankings
Sign In
Pricing

European Union

Exports (2023)$6.43T
Imports (2023)$6.56T
Main Exporter (2023)Germany $1.57T
Main Importer (2023)Germany$1.38T
Internal Trade (2023)58.8%of total trade

About

Overview EU (European Union) is an International Organization composed by Germany, Italy, France, Netherlands, Belgium, Spain, Poland, Ireland, Czechia, Austria, Sweden, Hungary, Denmark, Slovakia, Romania, Finland, Portugal, Slovenia, Greece, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Croatia, Estonia, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, and Cyprus. In 2023, EU exported $6.43T (28.4% of global exports) and imported $6.56T (29% of global imports). Its largest exporter, Germany exported $1.57T, which corresponds to 24.5% of the total exports. On the other hand, the largest importer, Germany, imported $1.38T, which is 21% of the total imports of European Union.

Trade In 2023, EU's most exported products were Medicaments in Dosage (n.e.s.) ($235B), Bituminous Petroleum Distillates (Excl. Crude) ($222B), Other Vehicles Including Gas Turbine Powered ($159B), Blood, toxins, cultures, medical use, nes ($144B), and Medium Sized Cars ($93.9B). The same year, the most imported products were Crude Petroleum Oils ($300B), Bituminous Petroleum Distillates (Excl. Crude) ($201B), Medicaments in Dosage (n.e.s.) ($152B), Other Vehicles Including Gas Turbine Powered ($151B), and Gaseous Natural Gas ($151B).

Partners In 2023, EU's exports went primarly to Germany ($726B), United States ($539B), France ($497B), Italy ($363B), and United Kingdom ($324B). The same year, EU's imported primarily from Germany ($838B), China ($583B), Netherlands ($415B), United States ($374B), and France ($333B).

Latest Trends

Latest Data

Flow
View
Y-AXIS SCALE

The following section shows the trade patterns over time for countries that comprise the organization.

Disclaimer: data is presented based on availability and only countries that use the harmonized system are being shown.

*All data is converted to USD using January 2020 exchange rates when data is reported in local currency.

Subscribe today to OEC pro and access the latest data

Sign Up

Historical Data

Organization Composition

View
Flow
Y-AXIS SCALE
Value

The following section shows the trade patterns over time for all the countries that comprise the organization, using historical dataset.

Yearly Exports of EU

Internal Trade

Flow
Depth
Color

Internal Trade includes all trade between the countries that comprise this organization.

In 2023, the top internal exports of EU were Cars ($239B), Motor vehicles; parts and accessories (8701 to 8705) ($148B), Packaged Medicaments ($130B), Refined Petroleum ($122B), and Vaccines, blood, antisera, toxins and cultures ($82.8B).

The same year, the principal destinations of internal exports were Germany ($726B), France ($497B), Italy ($363B), Netherlands ($315B), and Belgium ($287B).

Internal Exports (2021)
[Click to Select a Product]

Internal Destinations (2021)
[Click to Select a Country]

External Trade

Flow
Depth

External trade includes all world trade excluding the countries that comprise this organization.

In 2023, the top external exports of EU were United States ($539B), United Kingdom ($324B), China ($253B), Switzerland ($188B), and Turkey ($109B).

The same year, the principal destinations of external exports were Cars ($198B), Packaged Medicaments ($167B), Vaccines, blood, antisera, toxins and cultures ($114B), Refined Petroleum ($100B), and Motor vehicles; parts and accessories (8701 to 8705) ($59.7B).

External Exports (2021)
[Click to Select a Product]

External Destinations (2021)
[Click to Select a Country]

Total Trade

Flow
Color
Depth
Top Export (2023)Cars$437B
Top Destination (2023)Germany$726B

In 2023, EU exported a total of $6.43T. During the last five reported years the exports of EU have changed by $958B from $5.47T in 2018 to $6.43T in 2023.

The most recent exports are led by Cars ($437B), Packaged Medicaments ($297B), Refined Petroleum ($222B), Motor vehicles; parts and accessories (8701 to 8705) ($208B), and Vaccines, blood, antisera, toxins and cultures ($197B). The most common destination for the exports of EU are Germany ($726B), United States ($539B), France ($497B), Italy ($363B), and United Kingdom ($324B).

Exports (2021)
[Click to Select a Product]

Destinations (2021)
[Click to Select a Country]

Largest Export by Country

Indicator

The following visualization shows the principal export per country, the product which has grown the most over the past 5 years or the product in which the country has a higher level of specialization, measured by the RCA Index.

Biggest export by country (2021)

Trade between organizations

Flow
Color
Depth

This visualization show trade between international organizations. The default selection shows the trade with the rest of the world.

Exports (2021)

Destinations (2021)

Economic Complexity

Complexity and Country Indicators

Indicator

This visualization compares the Economic Complexity Index (ECI) with different indicators about country development such as GDP per capita or Inflation. For more information about ECI, check the Methods page.

In 2023, the countries with higher complexity that belong to European Union were Germany (1.79), Czechia (1.61), Austria (1.56), Sweden (1.53), and Slovenia (1.5).

On the other hand, the countries with higher GDP per capita were Luxembourg ($129k), Ireland ($104k), Denmark ($68.5k), Netherlands ($64.6k), and Austria ($56k).

Finally, the biggest exporters of EU were Germany ($1.57T), Italy ($638B), France ($635B), Netherlands ($599B), and Belgium ($437B).

GDP per capita v/s ECI for countries that comprise European Union (2023)

Keep Exploring

Have questions, comments, or concerns?
Send us an e-mail: support@oec.world
Follow @OECtoday on
Created, Designed, and Developed by:
In collaboration with
About the OECPrivacy PolicyTerms