Kazakhstan2020 Economic Complexity : -0.25, Rank 72 of 127
2020 Product Exports | Imports: $50.9B | $40.8B, 47 of 226 | 55 of 226
2020 Per Capita Product Exports | Imports: $2.71k | $2.18k, 78 of 219 | 106 of 219
2019 Service Exports | Imports : $7.6B | $10.9B, 38 of 76 | 33 of 76
Overview In 2020 Kazakhstan was the number 52 economy in the world in terms of GDP (current US$), the number 47 in total exports, the number 55 in total imports, the number 74 economy in terms of GDP per capita (current US$) and the number 72 most complex economy according to the Economic Complexity Index (ECI).
Exports The top exports of Kazakhstan are Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals; crude ($25.2B), Copper; refined and copper alloys, unwrought ($2.86B), Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons ($2.64B), Radioactive chemical elements and radioactive isotopes (including the fissile or fertile chemical... ($1.98B), and Ferro-alloys ($1.68B), exporting mostly to China ($9.42B), Italy ($6.76B), Russia ($5.18B), Netherlands ($3.14B), and Turkey ($2.34B).
In 2020, Kazakhstan was the world's biggest exporter of Radioactive chemical elements and radioactive isotopes (including the fissile or fertile chemical elements and isotopes); and their compounds; mixtures and residues containing these products ($1.98B) and Chromium oxides and hydroxides ($101M)
Imports The top imports of Kazakhstan are Machinery, plant (not domestic), or laboratory equipment; electrically heated or not, (excluding... ($1.54B), Medicaments; (not goods of heading no. 3002, 3005 or 3006) consisting of... ($1.21B), Transmission apparatus for radio-broadcasting or television, whether or not incorporating reception apparatus... ($1.07B), Motor cars and other motor vehicles; principally designed for the transport of... ($909M), and Automatic data processing machines and units thereof, magnetic or optical readers, machines... ($648M), importing mostly from Russia ($13.8B), China ($10.3B), South Korea ($2.31B), Germany ($1.8B), and Turkey ($1B).
Location Kazakhstan borders China, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan by land.
The following section uses the most recent trade data from partners of Kazakhstan.
Disclaimer: data is presented based on availability and only countries that use the harmonized system are being shown.
*All data is converted to USD using January 2020 exchange rates when data is reported in local currency.
Data is presented based on data availability. Only countries using the Harmonic System (HS) are selected. Every source is shown using their own latest twelve months of data.
*All data is converted to USD using January 2020 exchange rates when data is reported in local currency.
Top Export (2020): Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals; crude, $25.2B
Top Destination (2020): China, $13.8B
In 2020, Kazakhstan exported a total of $50.9B, making it the number 47 exporter in the world. During the last five reported years the exports of Kazakhstan have changed by $2.66B from $48.2B in 2015 to $50.9B in 2020.
The most recent exports are led by Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals; crude ($25.2B), Copper; refined and copper alloys, unwrought ($2.86B), Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons ($2.64B), Radioactive chemical elements and radioactive isotopes (including the fissile or fertile chemical... ($1.98B), and Ferro-alloys ($1.68B). The most common destination for the exports of Kazakhstan are China ($9.42B), Italy ($6.76B), Russia ($5.18B), Netherlands ($3.14B), and Turkey ($2.34B).
Kazakhstan Exports Services (2019): $7.6B
Kazakhstan Imports Services (2019): $10.9B
In 2019, Kazakhstan exported $7.6B worth of services. The top services exported by Kazakhstan in 2019 were Transportation ($3.97B), Personal travel ($2.12B), Other business services ($512M), Business travel ($345M), and Government services, n.i.e. ($278M).
The top services imported by Kazakhstan in 2019 were Other business services ($4.47B), Personal travel ($2.62B), Transportation ($2.5B), Computer and information services ($401M), and Financial services ($204M).
Kazakhstan has a high level of specialization in Oil seeds; linseed, whether or not broken (71.4), Radioactive chemical elements and radioactive isotopes (including the fissile or fertile chemical elements and isotopes); and their compounds; mixtures and residues containing these products (61.4), Wheat or meslin flour (33.9), Sulphur of all kinds; other than sublimed, precipitated and colloidal sulphur (28.5), and Precious metal ores and concentrates (23.3). Specialization is measured using RCA, an index that takes the ratio between Kazakhstan observed and expected exports in each product.
The highest complexity exports of Kazakhstan according to the product complexity index (PCI) are Railway or tramway track constructions of iron or steel; rails, check and track rails, switch blades, crossing frogs, point rods, sleepers, fish-plates, chair wedges, sole plates, bedplates, ties and the like (0.68), Railway or tramway locomotives or rolling stock; parts thereof (0.66), Cyclic hydrocarbons (0.6), Refractory cements, mortars, concretes and similar compositions; other than products of heading no. 3801 (0.59), and Aircraft n.e.c. in heading no. 8801 (e.g. helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft (including satellites) and suborbital and spacecraft launch vehicles (0.54). PCI measures the knowledge intensity of a product by considering the knowledge intensity of its exporters.
The top export opportunities for Kazakhstan according to the relatedness index, are Tin ores and concentrates (0.13), Nickel mattes; nickel oxide sinters and other intermediate products of nickel metallurgy (0.13), Ammonia; anhydrous or in aqueous solution (0.13), Ores and concentrates; n.e.c. in heading no. 2601 (0.12), and Nickel ores and concentrates (0.12). Relatedness measures the distance between a country's current exports and each product. The barchart show only products that Kazakhstan is not specialized in.
The product space is a network connecting products that are likely to be co-exported. The product space can be used to predict future exports, since countries are more likely to start exporting products that are related to current exports. Relatedness measures the distance between a product, and all of the products a country currently specializes in.
The Complexity-Relatedness diagram compares the risk vs strategic value of a country's potential export oppotunities. Relatedness is predictive of the probability that a country increases its exports in a product. Complexity, is associated with higher levels of income, economic growth, less income inequality, and lower greenhouse emissions.
During the last 20 years Kazakhstan's economy has become relatively less complex, moving from the 34th to the 72nd position in the ECI rank.
These economic complexity rankings use 6 digit exports classified according to the HS96 classification. We consider only countries with population of at least 1 million and exports of at least $1 billion, and products with world trade over $500 million. To explore different rankings and vary these parameters visit the custom rankings section.
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