Observatory of Economic Complexity

Flag Kazakhstan

Econ Complexity (2018): -0.046, Rank 69 of 137

Product Exports (2018): $64.1B, Rank 46 of 222

Exports Per Capita (2018): $3.51k, Rank 73 of 219

Product Imports (2018): $37.6B, Rank 61 of 221

Imports Per Capita (2018): $2.06k, Rank 81 of 219

Service Exports (2018): $7.2B, Rank 37 of 88

Service Imports (2018): $11.3B, Rank 31 of 88

GDP (2018): $179B, CURRENT US$
Rank 53 of 196

GDP growth (2008 - 2018): 34.4%, CURRENT US$
Rank 106 of 196

GDP PC (2018): $9,813, CURRENT US$
Rank 77 of 196

GDP PC GROWTH (2008 - 2018): 15.3%, CURRENT US$
Rank 114 of 196

About

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Overview: In 2018 Kazakhstan was the number 53 economy in the world in terms of GDP (current US$), the number 46 in total exports, the number 61 in total imports, the number 77 economy in terms of GDP per capita (current US$) and the number 69 most complex economy according to the Economic Complexity Index (ECI)

Exports: The top exports of Kazakhstan are Crude Petroleum ($38.3B), Petroleum Gas ($3.13B), Refined Copper ($2.8B), Ferroalloys ($2.26B), and Refined Petroleum ($1.83B), exporting mostly to Italy ($10.3B), China ($6.41B), Netherlands ($6.04B), Russia ($5.28B), and France ($3.91B).

In 2018, Kazakhstan was the world's biggest exporter of Chromium Oxides and Hydroxides ($171M)

Imports: The top imports of Kazakhstan are Petroleum Gas ($1.05B), Refined Petroleum ($1.01B), Broadcasting Equipment ($883M), Packaged Medicaments ($871M), and Cars ($701M), importing mostly from Russia ($13B), China ($8.71B), Germany ($1.71B), Italy ($1.35B), and Uzbekistan ($1.22B).

Location: Kazakhstan borders China, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan by land.

Product Trade

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Yearly Exports

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Value
Depth

Top Export (2018): Crude Petroleum, $38.3B

Top Destination (2018): Italy, $10.3B

In 2018, Kazakhstan exported a total of $64.1B, making it the number 46 exporter in the world. During the last five reported years the exports of Kazakhstan have changed by -$10.1B from $74.2B in 2013 to $64.1B in 2018.

The most recent exports are led by Crude Petroleum ($38.3B), Petroleum Gas ($3.13B), Refined Copper ($2.8B), Ferroalloys ($2.26B), and Refined Petroleum ($1.83B). The most common destination for the exports of Kazakhstan are Italy ($10.3B), China ($6.41B), Netherlands ($6.04B), Russia ($5.28B), and France ($3.91B).

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Yearly Imports

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Value
Depth

Top Import (2018): Petroleum Gas, $1.05B

Top Origin (2018): Russia, $13B

In 2018 Kazakhstan imported $37.6B, making it the number 61 trade destination in the world. During the last five reported years the imports of Kazakhstan changed by -$12.2B from $49.8B in 2013 to $37.6B in 2018.

The most recent imports of Kazakhstan are led by Petroleum Gas ($1.05B), Refined Petroleum ($1.01B), Broadcasting Equipment ($883M), Packaged Medicaments ($871M), and Cars ($701M). The most common import partners for Kazakhstan are Russia ($13B), China ($8.71B), Germany ($1.71B), Italy ($1.35B), and Uzbekistan ($1.22B).

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Monthly Trade

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Market Growth

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Flow

Fastest Growing Export Markets (2017 - 2018)

Fastest Growing Import Markets (2017 - 2018)

Service Trade

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Service Trade

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Kazakhstan Exports Services (2018): $7.2B

Kazakhstan Imports Services (2018): $11.3B

In 2018, Kazakhstan exported $7.2B worth of services. The top services exported by Kazakhstan in 2018 were Transportation ($4B), Personal travel ($1.93B), Other business services ($462M), Business travel ($329M), and Government services, n.i.e. ($249M).

The top services imported by Kazakhstan in 2018 were Other business services ($5.04B), Personal travel ($2.55B), Transportation ($2.11B), Construction services ($444M), and Computer and information services ($399M).

Forecasts

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Trade Forecasts

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This section shows forecasts for total product exports and imports for Kazakhstan. The forecast is based in a long short-term memory model or LSTM constructed using yearly trade data.

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Tariffs

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Tariffs by Product

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The top product import tariffs by their MFN Ad Valorem value for Kazakhstan are Ethyl alcohol and other spirits, denatured (100%) and Undenatured ethyl alcohol > 80% by volume (100%).

Click any of the products in the bar chart to see the specific Ad Valorem Duty Rates by partner country.

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*The tariffs applied to imports for Kazakhstan are:
118: Customs Union Agreement between Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia
133: Kazakhstan Generalized System of Preference
136: Most Favoured Nation duty rate treatement
190: Preferential tariff for Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) countries
191: Preferential tariff for Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) countries
254: Preferential tariff for Least Developed Countries
333: Preferential tariff for Vietnam

Economic Complexity

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Economic Complexity Ranking

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Scale

During the last 20 years Kazakhstan's⁩ ⁨economy has become relatively less complex, moving from the ⁩⁨43rd to the 69th⁩ position in the ECI rank.

These economic complexity rankings use 6 digit exports classified according to the HS96 classification. We consider only countries with population of at least 1 million and exports of at least $1 billion, and products with world trade over $500 million. To explore different rankings and vary these parameters visit the custom rankings section.

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Most Specialized Products by RCA Index

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Kazakhstan has a high level of specialization in Chromium Oxides and Hydroxides (97.7), Uranium and Thorium Ore (72.6), Linseed (51.4), Radioactive Chemicals (40.5), and Sulphur (26.9). Specialization is measured using RCA, an index that takes the ratio between Kazakhstan observed and expected exports in each product.

Most Complex Products by PCI

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The highest complexity exports of Kazakhstan according to the product complexity index (PCI) are Rail locomotives, electrically powered (0.86), Tantalum and articles thereof, including waste, scrap (0.69), Signals etc for rail, tram, water-way, port, airfield (0.65), Railway and tramway track material of iron or steel (0.62), and Titanium, articles thereof, waste or scrap (0.56). PCI measures the knowledge intensity of a product by considering the knowledge intensity of its exporters.

Export Opportunities by Relatedness

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The top export opportunities for Kazakhstan according to the relatedness index, are Other Ores (0.12), Cobalt (0.11), Pig Iron (0.11), Tin Ores (0.11), and Ammonia (0.11). Relatedness measures the distance between a country's current exports and each product. The barchart show only products that Kazakhstan is not specialized in.

Product Space

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The product space is a network connecting products that are likely to be co-exported. The product space can be used to predict future exports, since countries are more likely to start exporting products that are related to current exports. Relatedness measures the distance between a product, and all of the products it is currently specialized in.

Diversification Frontier

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Depth

The Complexity-Relatedness diagram compares the risk and the strategic value of a country's potential export oppotunities. Relatedness is a predictive of the probability that a country increases its exports in a product. Complexity, is associated with higher levels of income, economic growth, less income inequality, and lower emissions.

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