Mongolia (MNG) and China (CHN) Trade | The Observatory of Economic Complexity

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Mongolia-China Trade: In 2023, Mongolia exported $13.1B to China. The main products that Mongolia exported to China were Coal Briquettes ($8.43B), Copper Ore ($2.65B), and Iron Ore ($365M). Over the past 5 years the exports of Mongolia to China have increased at an annualized rate of 15.9%, from $6.26B in 2018 to $13.1B in 2023.

In 2023, Mongolia did not export any services to China.

China-Mongolia Trade: In 2023, China exported $3.45B to Mongolia. The main products that China exported to Mongolia were Trailers and semi-trailers, not mechanically propelled vehicles ($165M), Tractors ($159M), and Iron Structures ($148M). Over the past 5 years the exports of China to Mongolia have increased at an annualized rate of 11.7%, from $1.99B in 2018 to $3.45B in 2023.

In 2023, China did not export any services to Mongolia.

Comparison: In 2023, Mongolia ranked 123 in the Economic Complexity Index (ECI -1.32), and 89 in total exports ($14.3B). That same year, China ranked 21 in the Economic Complexity Index (ECI 1.16), and 1 in total exports ($3.42T).

Historical Data

Bilateral Trade by Products

Depth

HS2

HS4

HS6

Value

Trade

Growth

Growth (%)

Year

In 2023, Mongolia exported $13.1B to China. The main products exported from Mongolia to China were Coal Briquettes ($8.43B), Copper Ore ($2.65B), and Iron Ore ($365M). During the last 5 years the exports of Mongolia to China have increased at an annualized rate of 15.9%, from $6.26B in 2018 to $13.1B in 2023.

In 2018, China exported $3.45B to Mongolia. The main products exported from China to Mongolia were Trailers and semi-trailers, not mechanically propelled vehicles ($165M), Tractors ($159M), and Iron Structures ($148M). During the last 5 years the exports of China to Mongolia have increased at an annualized rate of 11.7%, from $1.99B in 2023 to $3.45B in 2018.

Exports from Mongolia () to China () (2023)

Exports from China () to Mongolia () (2023)

Latest Data

Trade between Mongolia () and China ()

Mongolia Exports

Date

China Exports

Date

Market Competitiveness

Color

Exports

Export Growth

Section

Year

Mongolia
Top DestinationChina$13.1B

China
Top DestinationUnited States$436B

This map shows whether countries import more from Mongolia or China. Each country is colored based on the difference in imports they receive from Mongolia and China or the difference in the growth in imports.

In 2023, no countries were registered that imported more from Mongolia than from China.

In 2023, countries that imported more from China than Mongolia included United States ($436B), Hong Kong ($259B), and Japan ($169B).

Difference in imports from China () and Mongolia () (2023)

Comparative Advantage Mongolia - China

Flow

Section

HS2

HS4

Scale

Log

Linear

Year

This chart compares trade between Mongolia and China by product, considering products traded by both, Mongolia and China.

During 2023, Mongolia had a large net trade with China in the exports of Mineral Products ($12.4B), Textiles ($218M), and Vegetable Products ($174M).

During 2018, China had a large net trade with Mongolia in the exports of Machines ($999M), Transportation ($605M), and Metals ($603M).

Potential Exports

Depth

Section

HS2

HS4

View

Top 20

Top 15

Top 10

Sort By

Highest Potential

Most Saturated

Section

Top Product Potential Mongolia China+$692MCopper Ore

Top Product Potential China Mongolia+$87.3MTelephones

We estimate the export potential of an economy for each product and destination using an extension of the bilateral relatedness model of Jun et al. (2019).This extended gravity model considers similarities among products and geographies and explains more than 50% of the variance in future trade flows.

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Economic Complexity

Competitive Landscape

Year

This visualization shows the product space at the HS4 level with the flags of Mongolia and China. This means that a dot/product with the flag of Mongolia indicates it has a comparative advantage over China. Similarly, a dot/product with the flag of China indicates it has a comparative advantage over Mongolia.

About

Historical Data

Bilateral Trade by Products

Exports from Mongolia () to China () (2023)

Exports from China () to Mongolia () (2023)

Latest Data

Trade between Mongolia () and China ()

Mongolia Exports

China Exports

Market Competitiveness

Difference in imports from China () and Mongolia () (2023)

Comparative Advantage Mongolia - China

Potential Exports

Potential Exports

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Economic Complexity

Competitive Landscape

Product Space of Mongolia () and China () (2023)

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