Observatory of Economic Complexity
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Flag Germany / United Kingdom Flag

2019
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Exports: $86B, Rnk 5 / 223

2019
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Top Product: $18.4B, Cars

2019
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Exports: $44.3B, Rnk 2 / 221

2019
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Top Product: $4.06B, Crude Petroleum

2019
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Economic Complexity (ECI): ECI 1.92, Rnk 4 / 146

2019
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Economic Complexity (ECI): ECI 1.46, Rnk 13 / 146

2019
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GDP: $3.86T, CURRENT US$
Rnk 4 / 187

2009-2019
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GDP GROWTH: 13.6%, CURRENT US$
Rnk 158 / 187

2019
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 GDP: $2.83T, CURRENT US$
Rnk 6 / 187

2009-2019
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GDP GROWTH: 17.3%, CURRENT US$
Rnk 152 / 187

2019
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GDP PC : $46,445, CURRENT US$
Rnk 18 / 187

2009-2019
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GDP PC GROWTH: 12%, CURRENT US$
Rnk 135 / 187

2019
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GDP PC: $42,330, CURRENT US$
Rnk 23 / 187

2009-2019
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GDP PC GROWTH: 9.34%, CURRENT US$
Rnk 143 / 187

About

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Germany-United Kingdom: In 2019, Germany exported $86B to United Kingdom. The main products that Germany exported to United Kingdom are Cars ($18.4B), Vehicle Parts ($3.73B), and Packaged Medicaments ($2.46B). During the last 24 years the exports of Germany to United Kingdom have increased at an annualized rate of 3.24%, from $40B in 1995 to $86B in 2019.

In 2016, Germany exported services to United Kingdom worth $24.6B, with Other business services ($7.88B), Insurance services ($4.33B), and Computer and information services ($2.94B) being the largest in terms of value.

United Kingdom-Germany: In 2019, United Kingdom exported $44.3B to Germany . The main products that United Kingdom exported to Germany were Crude Petroleum ($4.06B), Aircraft Parts ($3.96B), and Cars ($3.08B). During the last 24 years the exports of United Kingdom to Germany have increased at an annualized rate of 1.75%, from $29.3B in 1995 to $44.3B in 2019.

In 2016, United Kingdom exported services to Germany worth $3.61B, with Travel ($2.41B), Transportation ($1.08B), and Government services, n.i.e. ($109M) being the largest in terms of value.

Comparison: In 2019,  Germany ranked 4 in the Economic Complexity Index (ECI 1.92), and 3 in total exports ($1.44T). That same year, United Kingdom ranked 13 in the Economic Complexity Index (ECI 1.46), and 10 in total exports ($446B).

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Overview: In April 2021 Germany exported €5.33B and imported €3.12B from United Kingdom, resulting in a positive trade balance of €2.21B. Between April 2020 and April 2021 the exports of Germany have increased by €2.1B (64.9%) from €3.23B to €5.33B, while imports increased by €62M (2.03%) from €3.05B to €3.12B.

Trade: In April 2021, the top exports of Germany to United Kingdom were Motor cars and motor caravans (€823M), Pharmaceutical products (€403M), Chassis, bodies, engines etc. for motor... (€381M), Machinery for electricity production, distribution (€192M), and Other machinery (€184M). In April 2021 the top imports of Germany from United Kingdom were Petroleum oil and petroleum gases (€369M), Other semi-finished products (€297M), Motor cars and motor caravans (€271M), Gold for industrial purposes (€235M), and Aircraft (€215M).

Origins: In April 2021 the exports of Germany were mainly from Baden-Württemberg (€862M), Bavaria (€790M), North Rhine-Westphalia (€679M), Lower Saxony (€401M), and Saxony (€209M), while imports destinations were mainly North Rhine-Westphalia (€670M), Hesse (€667M), Bavaria (€415M), Lower Saxony (€325M), and Baden-Württemberg (€241M).

Growth: In April 2021, the increase in Germany's year-by-year exports to United Kingdom was explained primarily by an increase in product exports in Motor cars and motor caravans (€656M or 392%), Chassis, bodies, engines etc. for motor... (€316M or 485%), and Lorries and special purpose motor vehicles (€120M or 1.21k%). In April 2021, the increase in Germany's year-by-year imports  from United Kingdom was explained primarily by an increase in product imports  in Motor cars and motor caravans (€235M or 656%), Petroleum oil and petroleum gases (€219M or 146%), and Other semi-finished products (€170M or 134%).

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Time Scale
Flow
Value

EXPORT GROWTH (April 2020 - April 2021): €2.1B, (64.9%)

IMPORT GROWTH (April 2020 - April 2021): €62M, (2.03%)

MAIN EXPORTER (April 2021): Baden-Württemberg, €862M

This section shows exports and imports data at subnational level for Germany. Click any date in the line plot, any subnational region in the geomap or any product to explore the exports or imports behavior of Germany over time.

To check United Kingdom and Germany trade dynamics, check the bilateral page.

For full datasets download visit Bulk Download page.

Explore United Kingdom and Germany Data

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Historical Data

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Bilateral Trade by Products

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Depth
Value

In 2019, Germany exported $86B to United Kingdom. The main products exported from Germany to United Kingdom were Cars ($18.4B), Vehicle Parts ($3.73B), and Packaged Medicaments ($2.46B). During the last 24 years the exports of Germany to United Kingdom have increased at an annualized rate of 3.24%, from $40B in 1995 to $86B in 2019.

In 2019, United Kingdom exported $44.3B to Germany. The main products exported from United Kingdom to Germany were Crude Petroleum ($4.06B), Aircraft Parts ($3.96B), and Cars ($3.08B). During the last 24 years the exports of United Kingdom to Germany have increased at an annualized rate of 1.75%, from $29.3B in 1995 to $44.3B in 2019.

Latest Data

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Market Competitiveness

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Measure

Germany
Top Destination: United States, $131B

United Kingdom
Top Destination: United States, $64.7B

This map shows whether countries import more from Germany or United Kingdom. Each country is colored based on the difference in imports they receive from Germany and United Kingdom or the difference in the growth in imports.

In 2019, countries that imported more from Germany than United Kingdom were France ($115B), China ($107B), and United States ($131B).

In 2019, countries that imported more from United Kingdom than Germany were Ireland ($26.9B), Hong Kong ($9.94B), and Azerbaijan ($2.48B).

Comparative Advantage Germany - United Kingdom

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Depth

This chart compares trade between Germany and United Kingdom by product, considering products traded by both, Germany and United Kingdom.

During 2019, Germany had a large net trade with United Kingdom in the exports of Transportation ($27.5B), Machines ($19.4B), and Chemical Products ($9.46B).

During 2019, United Kingdom had a large net trade with Germany in the exports of Machines ($9.32B), Transportation ($8.69B), and Chemical Products ($7.09B).

Service Trade

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Bilateral Service Trade

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In 2016, Germany exported services to United Kingdom worth $24.6B, with Other business services ($7.88B), Insurance services ($4.33B), and Computer and information services ($2.94B) being the largest in terms of value.

In 2016, United Kingdom exported services to Germany worth $3.61B, with Travel ($2.41B), Transportation ($1.08B), and Government services, n.i.e. ($109M) being the largest in terms of value.

Service trade data is presented based on availability.

Economic Complexity

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Competitive Landscape

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This visualization show the product space at the HS4 level colored from blue to red.  This mean that the more blue a dot/product is, the more Germany has comparative advantage over United Kingdom. Similarly, the more red a dot/product is, the more United Kingdom has comparative advantage over Germany.

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