Germany (DEU) and France (FRA) Trade

2023

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Exports $118BRnk 2 / 220

2023

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About

Germany-France Trade: In 2023, Germany exported $118B to France. The main products that Germany exported to France were Cars ($11.4B), Motor vehicles; parts and accessories (8701 to 8705) ($4.32B), and Aircraft parts (gliders, balloons, and powered aircraft) ($4B). Over the past 5 years the exports of Germany to France have increased at an annualized rate of 2.16%, from $106B in 2018 to $118B in 2023.

In 2020, Germany exported services to France worth $18.1B, with Other business services ($6.75B), Royalties and license fees ($3.93B), and Travel ($2.14B) being the largest in terms of value.

France-Germany Trade: In 2023, France exported $72.8B to Germany. The main products that France exported to Germany were Cars ($3.66B), Motor vehicles; parts and accessories (8701 to 8705) ($3.64B), and Aircraft parts (gliders, balloons, and powered aircraft) ($2.36B). Over the past 5 years the exports of France to Germany have increased at an annualized rate of 0.029%, from $72.7B in 2018 to $72.8B in 2023.

In 2020, France exported services to Germany worth $22.1B, with Other business services ($8.93B), Travel ($4.01B), and Transportation ($4B) being the largest in terms of value.

Comparison: In 2023, Germany ranked 5 in the Economic Complexity Index (ECI 1.79), and 3 in total exports ($1.57T). That same year, France ranked 16 in the Economic Complexity Index (ECI 1.34), and 7 in total exports ($635B).

Latest Trends

November, 2024

About

Overview In November 2024, Germany exported €9.34B and imported €5.51B from France, resulting in a positive trade balance of €3.84B. Between November 2023 and November 2024 the exports of Germany have decreased by €-993M (-9.61%) from €10.3B to €9.34B, while imports decreased by €-549M (-9.07%) from €6.05B to €5.51B.

Trade In November 2024, the top exports of Germany to France were Motor cars and motor caravans (€676M), Pharmaceutical products (€474M), Estimations for non-response (€424M), Chassis, bodies, engines etc. for motor... (€411M), and Machinery for electricity production, distribution (€372M). In November 2024 the top imports of Germany from France were Estimations for non-response (€410M), Chassis, bodies, engines etc. for motor... (€376M), Pharmaceutical products (€313M), Plates and sheets of iron or... (€194M), and Machinery for electricity production, distribution (€188M).

Origins In November 2024 the exports of Germany were mainly from North Rhine-Westphalia (€1.41B), Baden-Württemberg (€1.35B), Bavaria (€1.19B), Lower Saxony (€602M), and Hamburg (€555M), while imports destinations were mainly North Rhine-Westphalia (€1.19B), Baden-Württemberg (€1.05B), Hamburg (€663M), Hesse (€656M), and Bavaria (€624M).

Growth In November 2024, the decrease in Germany's year-by-year exports to France was explained primarily by an decrease in product exports in Aircraft (€-62.8M or -19.8%), Plates and sheets of iron or... (€-34.9M or -29.9%), and Petroleum oil and petroleum gases (€-31.1M or -41.7%). In November 2024, the decrease in Germany's year-by-year imports from France was explained primarily by an decrease in product imports in Motor cars and motor caravans (€-85.1M or -33%), Plastics (€-42.6M or -23.6%), and Aircraft (€-37.1M or -20.3%).

Latest Trade

Time Scale

Year

Quarter

Month

Flow

Exports

Imports

Value

Trade Value

Growth

Growth (%)

EXPORT GROWTH (November 2023 - November 2024)€-993M(-9.61%)

IMPORT GROWTH (November 2023 - November 2024)€-549M(-9.07%)

MAIN EXPORTER (November 2024)North Rhine-Westphalia€1.41B

This section shows exports and imports data at subnational level for Germany. Click any date in the line plot, any subnational region in the geomap or any product to explore the exports or imports behavior of Germany over time.

To check France and Germany trade dynamics, check the bilateral page.

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Historical Data

Bilateral Trade by Products

Depth

HS2

HS4

HS6

Value

Trade

Growth

Growth (%)

Year

In 2023, Germany exported $118B to France. The main products exported from Germany to France were Cars ($11.4B), Motor vehicles; parts and accessories (8701 to 8705) ($4.32B), and Aircraft parts (gliders, balloons, and powered aircraft) ($4B). During the last 5 years the exports of Germany to France have increased at an annualized rate of 2.16%, from $106B in 2018 to $118B in 2023.

In 2018, France exported $72.8B to Germany. The main products exported from France to Germany were Cars ($3.66B), Motor vehicles; parts and accessories (8701 to 8705) ($3.64B), and Aircraft parts (gliders, balloons, and powered aircraft) ($2.36B). During the last 5 years the exports of France to Germany have increased at an annualized rate of 0.029%, from $72.7B in 2023 to $72.8B in 2018.

Exports from Germany () to France () (2023)

Exports from France () to Germany () (2023)

Market Competitiveness

Color

Exports

Export Growth

Section

Year

Germany
Top DestinationUnited States$157B

France
Top DestinationGermany$72.8B

This map shows whether countries import more from Germany or France. Each country is colored based on the difference in imports they receive from Germany and France or the difference in the growth in imports.

In 2023, countries that imported more from Germany than France included United States ($157B), Netherlands ($108B), and China ($104B).

In 2023, countries that imported more from France than Germany included Singapore ($13.2B), Ireland ($14.2B), and Morocco ($7.32B).

Difference in imports from France () and Germany () (2023)

Comparative Advantage Germany - France

Flow

Section

HS2

HS4

Scale

Log

Linear

Year

This chart compares trade between Germany and France by product, considering products traded by both, Germany and France.

During 2023, Germany had a large net trade with France in the exports of Machines ($27.9B), Transportation ($26B), and Chemical Products ($15B).

During 2018, France had a large net trade with Germany in the exports of Machines ($14.7B), Transportation ($14.1B), and Chemical Products ($11.9B).

Potential Exports

Depth

Section

HS2

HS4

View

Top 20

Top 15

Top 10

Sort By

Highest Potential

Most Saturated

Section

Top Product Potential Germany France+$4.21BCars

Top Product Potential France Germany+$2.09BCars

We estimate the export potential of an economy for each product and destination using an extension of the bilateral relatedness model of Jun et al. (2019).This extended gravity model considers similarities among products and geographies and explains more than 50% of the variance in future trade flows.

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Bilateral Service Trade

Fra Year

Deu Year

In 2020, Germany exported services to France worth $18.1B, with Other business services ($6.75B), Royalties and license fees ($3.93B), and Travel ($2.14B) being the largest in terms of value.

In 2020, France exported services to Germany worth $22.1B, with Other business services ($8.93B), Travel ($4.01B), and Transportation ($4B) being the largest in terms of value.

Service trade data is presented based on availability.

Services Exports from Germany () to France () (2020)

Services Exports from France () to Germany () (2020)

Service Trade

Economic Complexity

Competitive Landscape

Year

This visualization shows the product space at the HS4 level with the flags of Germany and France. This means that a dot/product with the flag of Germany indicates it has a comparative advantage over France. Similarly, a dot/product with the flag of France indicates it has a comparative advantage over Germany.

Product Space of Germany () and France () (2023)

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